实验动物与比较医学 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 567-576.DOI: 10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2024.079
郑卿勇1,2()(), 李腾飞3, 许建国1,2, 周泳佳3, 马智超4, 王娜5, 李莫兰5, 杨雯景5, 吴佩润4, 王海东6, 田金徽1,2()()
收稿日期:
2024-06-03
修回日期:
2024-08-08
出版日期:
2024-11-06
发布日期:
2024-10-25
通讯作者:
田金徽(1978—),男,博士,教授,研究方向:网状Meta分析与卫生技术评估。E-mail:tjh996@163.com。ORCID:0000-0002-3859-9587作者简介:
郑卿勇(1998—),男,博士研究生,研究方向:循证医学与医学信息学。E-mail:easonzz@foxmail.com。ORCID:0000-0002-9480-0169;
李腾飞(1998—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:循证护理。E-mail:ltf980102@163.com。ORCID:0009-0005-1168-3075
基金资助:
ZHENG Qingyong1,2()(), LI Tengfei3, XU Jianguo1,2, ZHOU Yongjia3, MA Zhichao4, WANG Na5, LI Molan5, YANG Wenjing5, WU Peirun4, WANG Haidong6, TIAN Jinhui1,2()()
Received:
2024-06-03
Revised:
2024-08-08
Published:
2024-10-25
Online:
2024-11-06
Contact:
TIAN Jinhui (ORCID: 0000-0002-3859-9587), E-mail: tjh996@163.com摘要:
动物实验证据整合是生物医学研究中的关键环节,为疾病机制的深入研究与新药开发等提供了重要的先验信息。目前,动物模型在模拟人类疾病方面发挥着不可替代的作用,但动物实验证据整合在实践中仍面临诸多挑战,包括受重视程度不足、研究设计的异质性明显、高发表偏倚、与临床研究实践存在差距等。本文首先指出动物实验原始研究证据的现存问题,包括动物模型的选择和适用性、动物实验研究设计的考量、动物实验证据转化的影响因素等方面;然后介绍了多种动物实验证据整合方法的应用进展,如系统评价与Meta分析、系统评价再评价/伞形综述、范围综述、证据图谱等;最后探讨了目前动物实验证据整合面临的主要挑战以及针对性的改进策略,旨在提高动物实验研究成果向临床实践转化的效率,并推动循证医学的发展。未来,通过不断优化原始实验研究方案与证据整合实践,有望逐步构建一个更为科学、高效的动物实验证据综合环境,为临床试验与人类健康事业作出更大的贡献。
中图分类号:
郑卿勇,李腾飞,许建国,等. 动物实验证据整合方法研究的进展与挑战[J]. 实验动物与比较医学, 2024, 44(5): 567-576. DOI: 10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2024.079.
ZHENG Qingyong,LI Tengfei,XU Jianguo,et al. Advances and Challenges in the Research of Integration Methods of Animal Experimental Evidence[J]. Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, 2024, 44(5): 567-576. DOI: 10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2024.079.
图1 动物实验证据整合方法现状注:SR指系统评价;NMA指网状Meta分析。
Figure 1 Current methods for integrating evidence from animal experimentsNote:SR, systematic review; NMA, network meta-analysis.
图2 动物实验各类型研究开展数量的分布趋势(2000—2023年)注:SR指系统评价;本研究数量是基于中国知网(CNKI)与PubMed数据库的综合结果。
Figure 2 Distribution trends of various types of animal experimental studies (2000-2023)Note: SR, systematic review. The number of studies is based on a combined result from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and PubMed databases.
整合方法 Integration methods | 应用特点 Application characteristics | 实例参考 Examples |
---|---|---|
系统评价与Meta分析 Systematic review and meta-analysis | 通过严谨的研究设计和方法学,对现有的动物实验数据进行系统性综述与定量分析(部分),以提供最高级别的证据。Meta分析可综合多个研究的结果,对其进行定量整合,揭示干预措施的总体效果 | Perna A, et al/1996[ |
单臂试验Meta分析 Meta-analysis of single-arm trials | 通常用于关注单个群体中事件的发生率,特别适用于处理稀有事件或样本量较小的研究 | Alonso S, et al/2016[ |
累积Meta分析 Cumulative meta-analysis | 将研究资料作为连续性的统一体,评估随时间累积研究结果的动态变化趋势 | Inchuai R, et al/2021[ |
定性系统评价/Meta整合 Qualitative systematic review/meta-synthesis | 关注研究结果的叙述性合成,适用于研究设计差异过大或数据类型不适合定量分析的情境 | Pommergaard H C, et al/2011[ |
快速系统评价 Rapid review | 高效、加速版的系统评价方法,适用于紧急决策或时间敏感情况下的证据综合 | Ciapponi A, et al/2011[ |
网状Meta分析 Network meta-analysis | 结合直接和间接证据,综合多个比较组的结果,评估不同干预措施之间的相对效果 | Yao M, et al /2015[ |
系统评价再评价/伞形综述 Overview of systematic reviews/ umbrella review | 对已有的多个系统评价进行再评价,部分会再次进行统计分析,提供某一领域的全面证据概览 | Hirst J A, et al /2014[ |
范围综述 Scoping review | 映射某一研究领域的文献分布,识别研究的数量和特征,揭示知识空白,通常不进行质量评估和定量分析 | Gardner E G, et al /2019[ |
证据图谱 Evidence mapping | 主要包括证据图与证据差距图,其系统性地检索和分析现有证据,通过表格或图形形式展示研究现状和证据差距,支持决策制定和研究规划 | Koch S E, et al /2022[ moola S, et al /2021[ |
表1 动物实验研究证据的主要整合方法概览
Table 1 Overview of main methods for synthesizing evidence from animal experiment studies
整合方法 Integration methods | 应用特点 Application characteristics | 实例参考 Examples |
---|---|---|
系统评价与Meta分析 Systematic review and meta-analysis | 通过严谨的研究设计和方法学,对现有的动物实验数据进行系统性综述与定量分析(部分),以提供最高级别的证据。Meta分析可综合多个研究的结果,对其进行定量整合,揭示干预措施的总体效果 | Perna A, et al/1996[ |
单臂试验Meta分析 Meta-analysis of single-arm trials | 通常用于关注单个群体中事件的发生率,特别适用于处理稀有事件或样本量较小的研究 | Alonso S, et al/2016[ |
累积Meta分析 Cumulative meta-analysis | 将研究资料作为连续性的统一体,评估随时间累积研究结果的动态变化趋势 | Inchuai R, et al/2021[ |
定性系统评价/Meta整合 Qualitative systematic review/meta-synthesis | 关注研究结果的叙述性合成,适用于研究设计差异过大或数据类型不适合定量分析的情境 | Pommergaard H C, et al/2011[ |
快速系统评价 Rapid review | 高效、加速版的系统评价方法,适用于紧急决策或时间敏感情况下的证据综合 | Ciapponi A, et al/2011[ |
网状Meta分析 Network meta-analysis | 结合直接和间接证据,综合多个比较组的结果,评估不同干预措施之间的相对效果 | Yao M, et al /2015[ |
系统评价再评价/伞形综述 Overview of systematic reviews/ umbrella review | 对已有的多个系统评价进行再评价,部分会再次进行统计分析,提供某一领域的全面证据概览 | Hirst J A, et al /2014[ |
范围综述 Scoping review | 映射某一研究领域的文献分布,识别研究的数量和特征,揭示知识空白,通常不进行质量评估和定量分析 | Gardner E G, et al /2019[ |
证据图谱 Evidence mapping | 主要包括证据图与证据差距图,其系统性地检索和分析现有证据,通过表格或图形形式展示研究现状和证据差距,支持决策制定和研究规划 | Koch S E, et al /2022[ moola S, et al /2021[ |
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