六种实验动物心血管系统比较组织学观察

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-5817.2014.03.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的观察6种常用实验动物心血管系统组织形态学结构的差异。方法选取猕猴30只、昆明小鼠20只、SD大鼠20只、日本大耳白兔18只、比格犬16只、树鼩20只。除昆明小鼠采用颈椎脱臼致死外,其余动物经静脉麻醉后放血处死,行病理解剖完整取出心脏及部分血管,体积分数10%福尔马林固定,玻璃容器密闭保存。对心脏及血管进行病理大体检查和取材,常规病理HE制片及染色,同时行必要的特殊染色和免疫组化染色,显微镜下观察心脏及血管的组织结构和细胞结构异同。结果 (1)6种实验动物心脏结构无明显差异,唯有心肌细胞形态上有所差异; (2)6种实验动物心脏间质内胶原纤维沉积情况有差异; (3)6种实验动物的心肌纤维间营养血管分布情况有差异; (4)6种实验动物大动脉血管结构无明显差异,但中膜厚度及胶原纤维和弹性纤维含量有差异。结论实验动物心血管系统的比较组织学研究结果为教学及科研工作提供参考; 也为制定《实验动物病理检测标准》作基础并提供了相应的对照依据。

关键词: 实验动物, 猕猴, 比格犬, 树鼩, 兔, 大鼠, 小鼠, 心血管系统, 比较组织学

Abstract: Objective To observe the differences on histology of the cardiovascular system in 6 commonly used laboratory animals. Methods Six species of laboratory animals, including 30 rhesus monkeys, 20 KM mice, 20 SD rats, 18 Japanese white rabbits,16 Beagle dogs, 20 tree shrews were selected. Except the mice were killed by cervical dislocation, other animals were sacrificed by intravenous anesthesia, and the heart and some blood vessels were removed, and then were fixed by 10% formalin and sealed in glass containers after pathological anatomy. The heart and blood vessels were processed by gross examination, routine pathological HE staining, necessary special staining and immunohistochemical staining, then the similarities and differences of cardiac and vascular structure and cell structure were observed under the microscope. Results (1) Six species of animals have no significant differences in the structure of the heart, the difference only exist in myocardial cell morphology. (2)Cardiac interstitial collagen deposition situation is different in the six species of animals. (3) The distribution of nutrient vessels among myocardial fibers are different in 6 species of animals. (4) Six species of animals have no significant difference in arterial vascular structure, only the thickness of tunica media and the content of collagen and elastic fibers are different. Conclusion The comparison on histopathology of cardiovascular system in six species of animals provides a reference for teaching and research works,and also provides appropriate basis and control for the development of“experimental animal pathology testing standards”.

Key words: Laboratory animals, Rhesus monkey, Beagle dog, Tree shrew, Japanese white rabbit, SD rat, KM mouse, Cardiovascular system, Comparative histology

中图分类号:

Q95-33

王媛媛, 徐文漭, 李霞, 李涛, 戴芳, 杨举伦, 宋蜀伶, 刘强高. 六种实验动物心血管系统比较组织学观察[J]. 实验动物与比较医学, 2014, 34(3): 199-204.

WANG Yuan-yuan, XU Wen-mang, LI Xia, LI Tao, DAI Fang, YANG Ju-lun, SONG Shu-ling, LIU Qiang-gao. Comparison on Histology of Cardiovascular System in 6 Species of Laboratory Animals[J]. Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, 2014, 34(3): 199-204.

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