高校实验动物学科教融合体系思考——以山东中医药大学为例

doi:10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2025.176

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在教育部“新医科”建设背景下，高等医学教育面临重构人才培养体系的时代要求。本文以山东中医药大学《实验动物学》课程为例，系统探讨了如何构建一个科教深度融合的教学体系，以破解传统教学中理论与实践脱节、学生创新思维不足的难题。该体系的构建立足于三大支柱：一是组建了一支多学科交叉的高水平师资团队，有力支撑了教学创新；二是依托山东省工程研究中心/实验动物中心，提供了顶尖的硬件保障；三是通过“多学科、多形式、多层次”融合，对教学内容与模式进行了系统性重构。改革成效显著，尤其体现在学生科研创新能力的质的飞跃：大学生创新训练计划项目中，获批省级以上立项的比例从改革前的约11.1%显著提升至41.6%；学生团队更是在“全国大学生基础医学创新研究暨实验设计论坛”等国家级竞赛中斩获金、银奖。此外，团队教师入选人民卫生出版社全国规划教材《实验动物学》主编、编委，标志着课程建设成果获得了全国范围的认可。实践证明，该科教融合体系有效将科研资源转化为育人优势，为培养具备扎实实践技能与前沿创新素养的中医药拔尖人才提供了行之有效的路径，也为同类院校的教学改革提供了可资借鉴的范例。

关键词: 实验动物学, 中医特色, 科教融合, 教学体系建设

Abstract:

Under the background of the "New Medical Science" initiative by the Ministry of Education, higher medical education faces the imperative task of reconstructing its talent cultivation system. Taking the Laboratory Animal Science course at Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine as an example, this paper systematically explores the construction of a deeply integrated teaching system that combines scientific research and education, aiming to address the disconnection between theory and practice and the lack of innovative thinking among students in traditional teaching models.The construction of this system is based on three pillars: first, the establishment of a high-level, interdisciplinary faculty team that robustly supports teaching innovation; second, reliance on the Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center and the Laboratory Animal Center to provide top-tier hardware support; third, a systematic restructuring of teaching content and modes through the "multi-disciplinary, multi-modal, and multi-level" integration approach.The reform has yielded remarkable results, particularly evident in the qualitative leap in students' scientific research and innovation capabilities: the proportion of university student innovation training projects approved at the provincial level and above significantly increased from approximately 11.1% before the reform to 41.6%. Furthermore, student teams have won gold and silver awards in national competitions such as the "National Undergraduate Innovation Forum for Basic Medical Sciences and Experimental Design". Additionally, the teaching team's success in leading the compilation of a national planning textbook marks the nationwide recognition of the course construction achievements.Practice has proven that this integrated system effectively transforms scientific research resources into educational advantages, providing an effective pathway for cultivating top-notch talents in traditional Chinese medicine with solid practical skills and cutting-edge innovative literacy. It alsooffers a replicable model for teaching reforms in peer institutions.

Key words: Laboratory animal science, Traditional Chinese medicine characteristics, Integration of science and education, Teaching system construction

中图分类号:

Q95-33

李自发,刘珊,孙伟,等.高校实验动物学科教融合体系思考——以山东中医药大学为例[J]. 实验动物与比较医学.. DOI: 10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2025.176.

LI Zifa,LIU Shan,SUN Wei,et al. Reflections on the Integration of Education and Scientific Research in Laboratory Animal Science in Universities: A Case Study of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine[J]. Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine. DOI: 10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2025.176.

图/表 2

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序号	评价项目	实验方法	考察目标
1	快感缺失	糖水偏好实验	评估奖赏系统功能、反映动物对奖赏刺激的反应能力。
2	行为绝望	强迫游泳实验	检测抑郁样行为，反映动物面对不可逃避压力时的被动应对策略。
3	活动量	旷场实验	测定自主运动能力，反映动物在新环境中的自发活动和探索行为。
4	应激反应	体质量增长率肾上腺系数	属客观生理参数，与行为学检测形成互补，评估生理应激水平。

序号	评价项目	实验方法	考察目标
1	快感缺失	糖水偏好实验	评估奖赏系统功能、反映动物对奖赏刺激的反应能力。
2	行为绝望	强迫游泳实验	检测抑郁样行为，反映动物面对不可逃避压力时的被动应对策略。
3	活动量	旷场实验	测定自主运动能力，反映动物在新环境中的自发活动和探索行为。
4	应激反应	体质量增长率肾上腺系数	属客观生理参数，与行为学检测形成互补，评估生理应激水平。