实验动物机构职业健康档案建立内容及要点

doi:10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2024.125

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

实验动物机构建立职业健康安全管理体系中重要的一环是建立职业健康档案。此档案是保障实验动物从业人员合法权益的重要环节，也是对实验动物机构本身的保护。依据相关法律法规，实验动物机构有责任为从业机构及实验动物从业人员建立职业健康（也称职业卫生）监护档案并妥善保存。依据《职业卫生档案管理规范》，实验动物机构至少要建立7个职业健康档案盒：建设项目职业健康“三同时”档案，职业健康管理档案，职业健康宣传培训档案，职业病危害因素监测与检测评价档案，用人单位职业健康监护管理档案，从业人员个人职业健康监护档案，以及其他档案。在此基础上，《工作场所职业卫生监督管理规定》又细化了职业健康档案的要求及细节，包括：职业病防治责任制文件；职业卫生管理规章制度、操作规程；工作场所职业病危害因素种类清单、岗位分布及作业人员接触情况等资料；职业病防护设施、应急救援设施基本信息，以及其配置、使用、维护、检修与更换等记录；职业病防护用品配备、发放、维护与更换等记录；职业病危害事故报告与应急处置记录等12项要求。总之，职业健康档案包含了一系列与从业人员职业健康相关的资料和信息，是一个综合性的档案。基于作者的实践经验，本文简述了职业健康档案的主要类型及每个类型的基本内容及建设要点，并对怎样建立职业健康档案进行了详细解析，以期帮助实验动物机构顺利建立职业健康管理档案，完善机构的职业健康安全管理体系。

关键词: 实验动物机构, 从业人员, 职业健康, 管理档案

Abstract:

Establishing occupational health related files is a key component of building an occupational health and safety management system in laboratory animal institutions. These files not only serve as a critical means of protecting the legitimate rights and interests of laboratory animal personnel but also provide institutional safeguards. According to relevant laws and regulations, laboratory animal institutions are responsible for establishing and properly maintaining occupational health surveillance files (also known as occupational hygiene files) for both the institution and its personnel. In accordance with the Occupational Health Archives Management Standards, laboratory animal institutions are required to maintain at least seven categories of occupational health management archive folders: the "three simultaneous" occupational health archives for construction projects; occupational health management folders; occupational health publicity and training folders; folders for monitoring and evaluating occupational disease hazard factors; employer occupational health surveillance folders; individual occupational health surveillance folders for employees; and other relevant folders. Building upon this foundation, the Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Occupational Health in the Workplaces further specify detailed requirements for occupational health files. These include: documents outlining the responsibility system for occupational disease prevention and control; occupational hygiene management systems and standard operating procedures, lists of types of occupational disease hazard factors in workplaces, their distribution by job distribution, and records of work exposure, basic information on occupational disease prevention and emergency rescue facilities, along with records of their allocation, usage, maintenance, inspection and replacement; records concerning the provision, distribution, maintenance and replacement of personal protective equipment (PPE); and reports on occupational disease hazard incidents; and corresponding emergency response records—amounting to twelve specific requirements in total. In short, occupational health management files are a comprehensive collection of data and documentation related to workers' occupational health. Based on the author's practical experience, this paper outlines the main types of occupational health management files, their basic contents, and key points in their development. It also offers a detailed analysis of how to establish such files, aiming to support laboratory animal institutions in successfully developing occupational health management archives and improving their occupational health and safety management systems.

Key words: Laboratory animal institutions, Employees, Occupational health, Management files

中图分类号:

R136

许超,孙秋芳,邵奇鸣. 实验动物机构职业健康档案建立内容及要点[J]. 实验动物与比较医学, 2025, 45(2): 214-220. DOI: 10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2024.125.

XU Chao,SUN Qiufang,SHAO Qiming. Establishment of Occupational Health Related Files in Laboratory Animal Institutions[J]. Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, 2025, 45(2): 214-220. DOI: 10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2024.125.

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