实验动物精神健康评估新视角：基于毛发特征的应激反应监测

doi:10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2025.166

实验动物与比较医学 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 553-563.DOI: 10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2025.166

实验动物精神健康评估新视角：基于毛发特征的应激反应监测

李虹漫¹, 陈昱彤¹, 石英培¹, 王伊静¹, 潘言¹, 许童¹, 周艺¹, 邓其跃¹(), 刘雪²()

^1.陆军军医大学基础医学院, 重庆 400038
^2.陆军军医大学生物医学工程与影像医学系, 重庆 400038

收稿日期:2025-09-30 修回日期:2025-11-30 出版日期:2026-08-25 发布日期:2026-08-22
通讯作者: 刘雪（1981—），女，博士，副教授，研究方向：心搏骤停动物模型构建与神经损伤机制解析。E-mail： liuxue@tmmu.edu.cn。ORCID： 0000-0002-5563-5850；
邓其跃（1979—），女，博士，副教授，研究方向：感觉传入影响情绪的神经调控机制。E-mail： qiyuedeng@tmmu.edu.cn。ORCID：0000-0001-6459-5021
作者简介:李虹漫（2003—），女，本科生，研究方向：表观遗传调控与鼻咽癌。E-mail： 2293429981@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目“颞叶联合皮层对蓝斑核的下行投射在声-警觉调控中的作用和机制”(32371050);陆军军医大学本科生科研培育项目“基于毛发状态评估实验动物压力应激水平的智能策略研究”(2023XBK10)

A New Perspective on Mental Health Assessment in Laboratory Animals: Stress Response Monitoring Based on Hair Characteristics

LI Hongman¹, CHEN Yutong¹, SHI Yingpei¹, WANG Yijing¹, PAN Yan¹, XU Tong¹, ZHOU Yi¹, DENG Qiyue¹(), LIU Xue²()

^1.School of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
^2.Department of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China

Received:2025-09-30 Revised:2025-11-30 Published:2026-08-25 Online:2026-08-22
Correspondence to: DENG Qiyue (ORCID: 0000-0001-6459-5021), E-mail: qiyuedeng@tmmu.edu.cn
LIU Xue (ORCID: 0000-0002-5563-5850), E-mail: liuxue@tmmu.edu.cn;

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

实验动物的精神健康管理是保障科研数据可靠性的关键环节，但受限于精神状态改变的隐匿性和现有评估手段的不足，该问题常被研究人员忽略，因此亟须探索一种客观且简便易行的精神健康评估新方法。压力应激作为诱导动物精神状态改变的主要因素，可通过神经-内分泌-免疫网络影响多个研究领域的实验结果。本文首先从导致压力应激的诱因、神经机制及其影响的研究领域3个维度阐明了重视实验动物精神健康管理的必要性，并指出在实验开始前剔除精神状态异常的动物，有助于提高生物医学实验的效率和结果的可重复性。其次，本文简要归纳了现有的实验动物健康检测方法，并指出行为学测试和代谢组学等方法在评估压力应激方面存在诸多局限，现有方法难以满足实验动物管理中对简便易行、客观且非侵入性评估方法的需求。为此，本文重点聚焦于毛发这一兼具累积性与非侵入性优势的生物样本，从毛发性状、毛发内物质含量和AI这3个方面系统阐述将毛发特征作为压力应激评估指标的理论基础与技术进展，创新性地提出并论证了将毛发性状与AI图像分析相结合的技术路径，以期为实现非侵入性、客观的应激评估提供更优化的解决方案，同时为完善实验动物健康管理体系提供理论依据。

关键词: 实验动物, 精神健康管理, 压力应激, 毛发, 人工智能

Abstract:

The mental health management of laboratory animals is a critical factor in ensuring the reliability of scientific research data. However, due to the subtle nature of mental state alterations and the limitations of current assessment methods, the mental health of laboratory animals is often overlooked by researchers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore a new, objective, simple, and practical method for evaluating mental health. Stress, as a primary factor inducing alterations in the mental state of animals, can influence experimental results across multiple research fields through the neuroendocrine-immune network. This paper first elucidates the necessity of mental health management in laboratory animals from three perspectives: factors contributing to stress, neural mechanisms of stress, and research areas affected by stress. It highlights that excluding animals with abnormal mental states before experiments can enhance the efficiency and reproducibility of biomedical studies. Second, this paper briefly summarizes existing methods for assessing the health of laboratory animals, pointing out that approaches such as behavioral tests and metabolomics have many limitations in evaluating stress responses. Existing methods struggle to meet the demand for simple, objective, and non-invasive assessment methods in animal management. Therefore, this paper focuses on hair, a biological sample with the advantages of cumulative information and non-invasive collection, and systematically describes the theoretical basis and technological advances in using hair characteristics as indicators of stress responses from three perspectives: hair traits, the levels of substances in hair, and artificial intelligence (AI). It proposes and supports an innovative technical pathway that combines hair traits with AI-based image analysis, with the aim of offering an improved solution for non-invasive and objective stress assessment, while providing theoretical support for improving the health management system of laboratory animals.

Key words: Laboratory animals, Mental health management, Stress, Hair, Artificial intelligence

中图分类号:

Q95-33

李虹漫,陈昱彤,石英培,等. 实验动物精神健康评估新视角：基于毛发特征的应激反应监测[J]. 实验动物与比较医学, 2026, 46(4): 553-563. DOI: 10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2025.166.

LI Hongman,CHEN Yutong,SHI Yingpei,et al. A New Perspective on Mental Health Assessment in Laboratory Animals: Stress Response Monitoring Based on Hair Characteristics[J]. Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, 2026, 46(4): 553-563. DOI: 10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2025.166.

图/表 3

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参数 Parameters		表现 Manifestations	相关机制 Related mechanisms	参考文献 References
毛发性状 Hair characteristics	颜色	变白	黑素细胞干细胞耗竭	[49]
	数量	减少	毛发提前进入休止期并脱落	[42]
	粗细	变细	抑制毛囊干细胞活性，新生毛发变细	[45]
	质地	干燥、脆弱、易断	皮脂合成减少、角蛋白交联断裂、鳞片脱落	[50]
毛发物质含量 Levels of substances in hair	皮质酮	含量升高	降解透明质酸、蛋白聚糖等毛囊内关键物质	[45]
	角蛋白	表达减少	毛发强度和弹性降低	[50]
	促炎因子	表达增加	毛囊退化、抑制毛发生长	[51]
	生长因子	表达减少	毛发生长减缓	[52]
	代谢物质	代谢物谱改变	糖代谢、氨基酸代谢等代谢途径发生改变	[48]
	微量元素	含量减少	结构蛋白、黑色素合成障碍	[53]

参数 Parameters		表现 Manifestations	相关机制 Related mechanisms	参考文献 References
毛发性状 Hair characteristics	颜色	变白	黑素细胞干细胞耗竭	[49]
	数量	减少	毛发提前进入休止期并脱落	[42]
	粗细	变细	抑制毛囊干细胞活性，新生毛发变细	[45]
	质地	干燥、脆弱、易断	皮脂合成减少、角蛋白交联断裂、鳞片脱落	[50]
毛发物质含量 Levels of substances in hair	皮质酮	含量升高	降解透明质酸、蛋白聚糖等毛囊内关键物质	[45]
	角蛋白	表达减少	毛发强度和弹性降低	[50]
	促炎因子	表达增加	毛囊退化、抑制毛发生长	[51]
	生长因子	表达减少	毛发生长减缓	[52]
	代谢物质	代谢物谱改变	糖代谢、氨基酸代谢等代谢途径发生改变	[48]
	微量元素	含量减少	结构蛋白、黑色素合成障碍	[53]

实验动物精神健康评估新视角：基于毛发特征的应激反应监测

A New Perspective on Mental Health Assessment in Laboratory Animals: Stress Response Monitoring Based on Hair Characteristics

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