斑马鱼鳍和鳞片色素细胞的显微观察

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-5817.2017.02.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的观察斑马鱼鳍和鳞片色素细胞的组成、分布及形态特征。方法应用光学显微镜对AB品系斑马鱼鳍和鳞片色素细胞的显微结构进行观察。结果斑马鱼鳍上分布有黑色素细胞和黄色素细胞,未观察到虹彩细胞。根据色素细胞的分布规律,将斑马鱼鳍分为有、无斑马鱼条纹两类。鳞片中分布有黑色素细胞、黄色素细胞和虹彩细胞。黑色素细胞较大,形态上主要分为呈树突状、颜色较浅、体积较大的I类黑色素细胞和呈团状、颜色较深、个体较小的II类黑色素细胞。黄色素细胞个体最小,呈黄色或者橙黄色。虹彩细胞较长呈长棒状或梭形,数量最少。结论斑马鱼体表有黑色素细胞、黄色素细胞和虹彩细胞三种类型色素细胞,但鳍和鳞片在色素细胞组成和分布上存在着差异,鳞片中色素细胞的种类和形态特征较鳍中色素细胞更丰富。

关键词: 斑马鱼, 鳍, 鳞片, 色素细胞, 黑色素细胞, 黄色素细胞, 虹彩细胞

Abstract: Objective To observe the composition, distribution and morphological characteristics of pigment cells in the fins and scales of zebrafish. Method The microstructure of pigment cells in the fins and scales of AB strain of zebrafish was observed by optical microscope. Results All fins in zebrafish distributed melanophores and xanthophores, without iridophores. According to the distribution of the pigment cells, the zebrafish fins were divided into two types: with or without zebra stripes. There were melanophores, xanthophores and iridophores existed in scales. The melanophores were mainly divided into two types: type I was larger, obviously dendritic and light color; type II was smaller, nodular, dark color. Xanthophores were the smallest, yellow or orange yellow. Iridophores were a long rod like or fusiform, with smallest number. Conclusion There were three types of pigment cells in the surface of zebrafish including melanophores, xanthophores and iridophores. The composition and distribution of pigment cells in the fins and scales were different. The types and morphological characteristics of pigment cells in the scales were more abundant than that in fins.

Key words: Zebrafish, Fin, Scale, Pigment cell, Melanophore, Xanthophore, Iridophore

中图分类号:

Q954.5

林金杏, 冯丽萍, 胡建华, 高诚. 斑马鱼鳍和鳞片色素细胞的显微观察[J]. 实验动物与比较医学, 2017, 37(2): 94-101.

LIN Jin-xing, FENG Li-ping, HU Jian-hua, GAO Cheng. Microscopical Observation on Pigment Cells in Fins and Scales of Zebrafish[J]. Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, 2017, 37(2): 94-101.

参考文献

[1] 易云海, 宋一舸, 杨舟, 等. 鱼鳍和鳞片色素组成的比较观察[J]. 激光生物学报, 2014, 23(1):77-82.
[2] 徐伟, 李驰陶, 曹顶臣, 等. 几种鲤鲫鳞片色素细胞和体色发生的观察[J]. 水生生物学报, 2007, 31(1):67-72.
[3] Rawls JF, Mellgren EM, Johnson SL.How the zebrafish gets its stripes[J]. Dev Biol, 2001, 240(2):301-314.
[4] Kelsh RN.Genetics and evolution of pigment patterns in fish[J]. Pigment Cell Res, 2004, 17(4):326-336.
[5] Howe K, Clark MD, Torroja CF, et al.The zebrafish reference genome sequence and its relationship to the human genome[J]. Nature, 2013, 496(7446):498-503.
[6] Brugman S.The zebrafish as a model to study intestinal inflammation[J]. Dev Comp Immunol, 2016, 64:82-92.
[7] Chavez MN, Aedo G, Fierro FA, et al.Zebrafish as an emerging model organism to study angiogenesis in development and regeneration[J]. Front Physiol, 2016, 7:56.
[8] Goldshmit Y, Sztal TE, Jusuf PR, et al.Fgf-dependent glial cell bridges facilitate spinal cord regeneration in zebrafish[J]. J Neurosci, 2012, 32(22):7477-7492.
[9] Norton W, Bally-Cuif L.Adult zebrafish as a model organism for behavioural genetics[J]. BMC Neuroscience, 2010, 11(1):90.
[10] Sipes NS, Padilla S, Knudsen TB.Zebrafish-As an integrative model for twenty—first century toxicity testing[J]. Birth Defects Research Part C: Embryo Today: Reviews, 2011, 93(3):256-267.
[11] Ali S, Champagne DL, Spaink HP, et al.Zebrafish embryos and larvae: a new generation of disease models and drug screens[J]. Birth Defects Research Part C: Embryo Today: Reviews, 2011, 93(2):115-33.
[12] 实验动物疾病研讨会—传染性及常见疾病[EB/OL]. http://www.calas.org.cn/html/zxbg/tzgg/20150415/2273.html, 20160825.
[13] Nisha Gaind.US grants for zebrafish studies on the rise[EB/OL]. http://www.nature.com/news/us-grants-for-zebrafish-studies-on-the-rise-1.20391, 20160825.
[14] 李阔宇, 潘鲁湲, 孙永华. 斑马鱼资源的开发保藏与国家斑马鱼资源中心[J]. 中国实验动物学报, 2014, 22(6): 93-98,105.
[15] 何嘉玲, 刘静, 王天奇, 等. 斑马鱼的质量标准化[J]. 中国实验动物学报, 2014, 22(6):99-102.
[16] 初晓红, 濮俊毅, 姚一琳, 等. 斑马鱼肝脏胆管系统的研究[J]. 实验动物与比较医学, 2010, 30(3):167-173.
[17] 林金杏, 魏晓锋, 初晓红, 等. 斑马鱼肝脏三维结构虚拟系统的建立[J]. 实验动物与比较医学, 2012, 32(5): 390-395.
[18] Yao Y, Lin J, Chu X, et al.Fine structure, enzyme histochemistry and immunohistochemistry of liver in zebrafish[J]. Anat Rec, 2012, 295(4):567-576.
[19] 林金杏, 章琳俐, 姚一琳, 等. 斑马鱼肠道显微和超微结构的研究[J]. 畜牧与兽医, 2013, 45(3):60-66.
[20] Zhang L, Yang P, Liu Y, et al.Pre-spermiogenic initiation of flagellar growth and correlative ultrastructural observations on nuage, nuclear and mitochondrial developmental morphology in the zebrafish Danio rerio[J]. Micron, 2014, 66: 1-8.
[21] 陈微, 章琳俐, 杨平, 等. 斑马鱼端脑的微细形态与结构[J]. 水产学报, 2015, 39(3):371-380.
[22] Yamanaka H, Kondo S.In vitro analysis suggests that difference in cell movement during direct interaction can generate various pigment patterns in vivo[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2014, 111(5):1867-1872.
[23] Fadeev A, Krauss J, Frohnhofer HG, et al.Tight Junction Protein 1a regulates pigment cell organisation during zebrafish colour patterning[J]. Elife, 2015, 4: e06545.
[24] Ceinos RM, Guillot R, Kelsh RN, et al.Pigment patterns in adult fish result from superimposition of two largely independent pigmentation mechanisms[J]. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res, 2015, 28(2):196-209.
[25] Braasch I, Brunet F, Volff JN, et al.Pigmentation pathway evolution after whole-genome duplication in fish[J]. Genome Biol Evol, 2009, 1:479-493.
[26] 沈伟. 鱼类鳞片研究概况[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2011,39(3):307-310.
[27] 刘晓东,陈再忠. 鱼类色素细胞及体色调控[J]. 水产科技情报, 2008, 35(1):13-18.
[28] 李小兵, 郑署明, 吴青. 曼龙鱼色素细胞的显微观察[J]. 四川动物, 2012, 31(4):538-541.
[29] 李凯彬, 常藕琴, 刘春, 等. 虹鳉透明突变的遗传特征及其组织学观察[J]. 动物学杂志, 2011, 46(5):16-23.
[30] Mahalwar P, Singh AP, Fadeev A, et al.Heterotypic interactions regulate cell shape and density during color pattern formation in zebrafish[J]. Biol Open, 2016, 5(11):1680-1690.