实验动物与比较医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 623-633.DOI: 10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2025.033

• 动物实验技术与方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

版纳微型猪近交系同种异体肾移植技术体系的建立

张滢1,2, 彭自伟1,3, 杨畅1,3, 王晶1,3, 赵红芳1,2, 陈根4, 赵红业1,2()(), 魏红江1,2,3()()   

  1. 1.云南农业大学云南省小型猪基因编辑与异种器官移植重点实验室, 昆明 650201
    2.云南农业大学动物医学院, 昆明 650201
    3.云南农业大学动物科学技术学院, 昆明 650201
    4.贵州省人民医院器官移植科, 贵阳 550002
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-04 修回日期:2025-06-24 出版日期:2025-10-25 发布日期:2025-10-23
  • 通讯作者:
    赵红业(1974—),女,博士,教授,主要从事异种器官移植用供体猪的开发研究。E-mail:hongyezhao@ynau.edu.cn。ORCID:0000-0002-5900-3033
    魏红江(1971—),男,博士,教授,主要从事异种器官移植研究。E-mail:weihongjiang@ynau.edu.cn。ORCID:0000-0002-5663-1093
  • 作者简介:张 滢(1993—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事异种器官移植相关研究。E-mail:zhangy_128@163.com
    彭自伟(1997—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事异种器官移植相关研究。E-mail:1990615582@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    云南省重大科技专项计划“人类重大疾病小型猪模型的构建及平台建设”(202102AA100054);云南省科技人才与平台计划项目“朱宁文专家工作站”(202305AF150131);贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金项目“低氧介导netmin-1表达调节PI3K/AKT信号通路在肾移植术后肾脏缺血再灌注损伤中的研究”(GZWKJ2023-039)

Establishment of Allogeneic Kidney Transplantation Technical System in Banna Miniature Pig Inbred Strain

ZHANG Ying1,2, PENG Ziwei1,3, YANG Chang1,3, WANG Jing1,3, ZHAO Hongfang1,2, CHEN Gen4, ZHAO Hongye1,2()(), WEI Hongjiang1,2,3()()   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation for Miniature Pigs in Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
    2.College of Animal Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
    3.Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
    4.Department of Organ Transplantation, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China
  • Received:2025-03-04 Revised:2025-06-24 Published:2025-10-25 Online:2025-10-23
  • Contact: ZHAO Hongye (ORCID: 0000-0002-5900-3033), E-mail: hongyezhao@ynau.edu.cn;
    WEI Hongjiang(ORCID: 0000-0002-5663-1093), E-mail: weihongjiang@ynau.edu.cn

摘要:

目的 选用版纳微型猪近交系品系建立猪的同种异体肾脏移植手术技术体系,通过血常规检测、肝功能和肾功能检测评估受体猪的生理指标和移植肾脏的功能,为同种异体肾移植手术模型的制备提供参考数据。 方法 本研究共进行4例同种异体猪肾移植手术,其中1例为健康猪(R)接受单肾移植,2例为猪(DR1和DR2)单肾切除后肾移植,另1例为猪(DR3)双肾切除后肾移植。肾移植术前,采用交叉配血和补体依赖的细胞毒性(complement-dependent cytotoxicity,CDC)实验对供体猪与受体猪进行配型。肾移植术后,定期采集猪外周血样本进行血常规、肝功能和肾功能检测,并通过彩色多普勒超声技术检测移植肾的血流供应情况。实验到达终点后,剖取猪DR1双肾和猪DR3左肾并进行苏木精-伊红(hematoxylin-eosin,HE)染色,以评估未移植肾和移植肾的病理变化。 结果 受体猪DR1和DR3分别于术后17 d和30 d死亡,受体猪R和DR2在为期30 d的观察期内,状况良好。肝功能和肾功能检测结果显示,猪DR1术后1 d,丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)水平升高(>1 000 U/L),术后7 d达到高峰(1 300 U/L),术后1 d天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)即达到高峰(>3 000 U/L),术后17 d时ALT和AST的含量仍处于较高水平(ALT,500 U/L;AST,700 U/L);猪R、DR2和DR3的ALT和AST的含量均于17 d左右恢复到正常水平。猪R血清中的肌酐(creatinine,Crea)含量较为稳定,术后未有上升;猪DR1和DR2的Crea含量在术后第1天时有一过性升高,之后逐渐恢复到正常水平(<100 μmol/L);猪DR3的Crea水平在术后2~10 d均低于500 μmol/L,术后11~28 d间Crea含量升高,最高达到1 500 μmol/L,表明其肾脏逐渐失去功能。超声结果显示,受体猪R的术前阻力指数(resistive index,RI)为0.91,术后24 d肾皮质、髓质血流信号丰富,RI值为0.88,与未移植前的RI值接近。猪DR2术后17 d时的RI值为0.89,肾皮质血流较差,肾髓质较好。猪DR1在术后17 d时,移植肾中未检测到血流信号。HE染色结果显示,猪DR1未移植的健康右肾结构正常,移植的左肾肾小球结构模糊,细胞核溶解,表明左肾在取出之前已失去功能。猪DR3移植的左肾肾小球和肾小管中可见大量红细胞和淋巴细胞浸润,表明该肾脏移植后可能出现了凝血功能异常和排斥反应。 结论 本研究以版纳微型猪近交系为实验动物,实施了4例猪-猪的同种异体肾移植手术,术后借助血常规、肝功能、肾功能、彩色多普勒超声以及病理学检测,对受体猪的生理指标和移植肾脏的功能展开监测。本研究构建的猪-猪同种异体肾移植技术体系,可为临床医生开展肾移植手术奠定基础。

关键词: 版纳微型猪, 近交系, 同种异体肾移植, 技术体系

Abstract:

Objective To establish a technical system for allogeneic kidney transplantation surgery in pigs using the Banna miniature pig inbred strain, and to evaluate it through routine blood tests, liver and kidney function tests, thus providing reference data for the preparation of allogeneic kidney transplantation models. Methods A total of 4 cases of allogeneic kidney transplantation surgeries were performed, including 1 case of single kidney transplantation in a healthy pig, 2 cases of kidney transplantation after unilateral nephrectomy, and 1 case of kidney transplantation after bilateral nephrectomy. Before kidney transplantation, cross-matching and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) tests were used for matching between donor and recipient pigs. After kidney transplantation, peripheral blood samples were regularly collected from pigs for routine blood tests, liver function tests, and kidney function tests, and color Doppler ultrasound technology was used to detect blood supply to the transplanted kidneys. After reaching the experimental endpoint, both kidneys of pig DR1 and the left kidney of pig DR3 were collected and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was performed to evaluate pathological changes in the transplanted kidneys. Results Recipient pigs DR1 and DR3 died at 17 days and 30 days after surgery respectively, while recipient pigs R and DR2 remained in good condition during the 30-day observation period. The results of liver and kidney function test showed that in pig DR1, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels increased on postoperative day 1 (>1 000 U/L), peaked on postoperative day 7 (1 300 U/L), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels peaked on postoperative day 1 (>3 000 U/L). On postoperative day 17, ALT and AST levels remained high (ALT, 500 U/L; AST, 700 U/L). In pigs R, DR2, and DR3, ALT and AST levels returned to normal around day 17. Serum creatinine (Crea) levels in pig R remained stable without postoperative increase. Crea levels in pigs DR1 and DR2 showed transient elevation on postoperative day 1, then gradually returned to normal (<100 μmol/L). Crea levels in pig DR3 remained below 500 μmol/L from postoperative days 2-10, but increased between days 11-28, reaching up to 1 500 μmol/L, indicating gradual loss of kidney function. Ultrasound results showed that the preoperative resistive index (RI) of recipient pig R was 0.91. On postoperative day 24, renal cortex and medulla showed abundant blood flow signals with RI value of 0.88, which was close to the pre-transplantation RI value. For pig DR2, the RI value on postoperative day 17 was 0.89, with poor renal cortex blood flow and relatively good renal medulla blood flow. In pig DR1 on postoperative day 17, no blood flow signals were detected in the transplanted kidney. HE staining results showed that the non-transplanted healthy right kidney of pig DR1 had normal structure, while the transplanted left kidney showed blurred glomerular structure and nuclear dissolution, indicating that the left kidney had lost function before removal. In the transplanted left kidney of pig DR3, large numbers of red blood cells and lymphocyte infiltration were observed in glomeruli and renal tubules, indicating possible coagulation dysfunction and rejection reactions after kidney transplantation. Conclusion Banna miniature pig inbred strain is used as experimental animals to perform four cases of allogeneic pig-to-pig kidney transplantation. The physiological parameters of the recipient pig and the function of the transplanted kidney are monitored after surgery using routine blood tests, liver and kidney function tests, color Doppler ultrasound, and pathological examinations. The allogeneic pig-to-pig kidney transplantation technical system established in the study can provide a foundation for clinicians to conduct kidney transplantation surgeries.

Key words: Banna miniature pig, Inbred strain, Allogeneic kidney transplantation, Technical system

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