小鼠模型在消化道黏膜免疫及感染性疾病研究中的应用进展

doi:10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2021.170

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

机体的消化道黏膜定殖着巨量的共生微生物，这些微生物通过与宿主相互作用，影响宿主的健康与疾病。近年来，随着高通量测序与培养组学等技术的发展，大量与健康或疾病相关但以前未充分研究的微生物被鉴定出来。研究这些微生物对宿主黏膜免疫生理与病理生理的影响及相关分子机制，对防治相关疾病具有重要意义。小鼠模型是系统性研究宿主与微生物相互作用的重要平台。本文介绍近年来利用小鼠模型在消化道黏膜免疫及感染性疾病研究中的部分重要进展与挑战，并展望综合利用遗传工程与菌群移植或环境暴露等优化小鼠模型的研究前景，以期促进与微生物紧密相关的健康与疾病的转化研究。

关键词: 小鼠模型, 菌群, 宿主微生物互作, 黏膜免疫, 感染性疾病

Abstract:

The host digestive tract comprises trillions of commensal microbes, collectively called microbiota. These microbes interact with a various host cell types and have a significant impact on health and disease. High-throughput sequencing technologies have accelerated the identification of numerous poorly studied microbes associated with health and disease. Genetic and humanized mouse models with and without environmental exposure were established to study the roles of these microbes in human physiologies and pathologies. Important findings related to the microbiota, mucosal immunity, and infectious diseases in mouse models are summarized. Furthermore, challenges and opportunities in leveraging genetic approaches and environmental exposure to optimize mouse models are discussed.

Key words: Mouse model, Microbiota, Host-microbial interactions, Mucosal immunity, Infectious disease

中图分类号:

R-332

于士颜. 小鼠模型在消化道黏膜免疫及感染性疾病研究中的应用进展[J]. 实验动物与比较医学, 2022, 42(1): 3-10.

Shiyan YU. Advances in the Application of Mouse Models to Study Digestive Mucosal Immunity and Infectious Diseases[J]. Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, 2022, 42(1): 3-10.

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