浅谈微量采血法在药物非临床研究中的应用及3R原则的贯彻

doi:10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2021.163

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

药物开发中的实验动物福利伦理备受关注，如何善待动物已成为一个重要课题。微量采血法（blood microsampling）克服了常规大容量采血方法操作复杂、对动物的伤害大、对啮齿类动物的数量要求高等诸多缺点，在动物福利、科学性和成本方面均有极大优势，其应用被认为是落实3R原则的重要实践。本文介绍微量采血法的最新研究进展以及在非临床研究中应用的优势和挑战，以期推动这项新技术在药物开发领域内更广泛应用。

关键词: 微量采血法, 药物, 非临床, 3R原则

Abstract:

The welfare and ethics of laboratory animals in drug development has attracted increasing attention, and how to treat animals well has become an important topic. Blood microsampling overcomes several disadvantages of conventional large-volume blood sampling methods, such as complex operation, great harm to animals and high requirement on rodent quantity, and has great advantages in animal welfare, scientificity and cost. Therefore, its application is regarded as an important practice to implement the 3Rs. This article reviewed the latest research progress of blood microsampling, and its advantages and challenges in non-clinical studies in order to promote the wider application of this new technique in this field.

Key words: Blood microsampling, Drug, Nonclinical, 3Rs principle

中图分类号:

R-332

陈佳琦, 吕龙宝, 张飞燕, 李瑞, 李乙江, 李丽红, 张晓迪. 浅谈微量采血法在药物非临床研究中的应用及3R原则的贯彻[J]. 实验动物与比较医学, 2022, 42(4): 306-312.

Jiaqi CHEN, Longbao LÜ, Feiyan ZHANG, Rui LI, Yijiang LI, Lihong LI, Xiaodi ZHANG. Application of Blood Microsampling and Its Implementation of the 3Rs in Non-clinical Studies of Drugs[J]. Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, 2022, 42(4): 306-312.

图/表 1

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微量采血法 Blood micro- sampling method	基质类型 Matrix type	基质形式 Matrix form	优点 Advantages	缺点 Disadvantages
DBS	全血	干燥	无需离心，储存和运输方面要求低	全血数据与血浆数据转化复杂，HCT效应，需要特殊的提取技术
DPS	血浆	干燥	储存和运输方面要求低	需要特殊的提取技术，可能需要离心
VAMS	全血、血浆、血清	干燥	储存和运输方面要求低，样品体积准确	全血数据与血浆数据转化复杂，血浆、血清制备程序复杂
CMS	全血、血浆、血清	液体	样品体积准确	储存和运输要求高（－20 ℃），血浆、血清制备操作不便

微量采血法 Blood micro- sampling method	基质类型 Matrix type	基质形式 Matrix form	优点 Advantages	缺点 Disadvantages
DBS	全血	干燥	无需离心，储存和运输方面要求低	全血数据与血浆数据转化复杂，HCT效应，需要特殊的提取技术
DPS	血浆	干燥	储存和运输方面要求低	需要特殊的提取技术，可能需要离心
VAMS	全血、血浆、血清	干燥	储存和运输方面要求低，样品体积准确	全血数据与血浆数据转化复杂，血浆、血清制备程序复杂
CMS	全血、血浆、血清	液体	样品体积准确	储存和运输要求高（－20 ℃），血浆、血清制备操作不便

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