Abstract: Between 1970 and 2001，eleven coat color mutants of Mongolian Gerbil arose in scientific laboratory and pet population. Among them, eight coat color and their genetic mechanism were detailed in this article. The wild system includes two loci, one is A locus （coat color is Agouti） , another is a locus （coat color is Non-agouti or black）. C system includes c locus （Albino） , ch （Acromelanistic albino）,cchm （chinchilla medium）. The white spotting mutant is controlled by Sp locus, g locus appears to a gray coat color, and p locus seems to be master of pink-eye dilution.The hairless phenotype is only elementary introduction.

Key words: Mongolian gerbil, Coat color, Genetics, Mutation