实验动物与比较医学 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 660-667.DOI: 10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2025.216

• 实验动物与中药学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

灵芝孢子油对大鼠28天经口毒性试验研究

李杨锦, 吴珍红, 黄宗锈()()   

  1. 福建省人兽共患病研究重点实验室(福建省疾病预防控制中心), 福州 350001
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-23 修回日期:2026-04-24 出版日期:2026-10-25 发布日期:2026-10-16
  • 通讯作者: 黄宗锈(1974—),男,学士,主任技师,研究方向:卫生毒理学。E-mail:1624736056@qq.com。ORCID:0009-0000-6317-7266
  • 作者简介:
    李杨锦(1992—),男,学士,助理兽医师,研究方向:实验动物技术与管理。E-mail:190269885@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    福建省卫生健康科技计划项目“鼠曲草的遗传毒性与亚急性毒性效应及其健康风险研究”(2021CXA022)

28-Day Oral Toxicity Study of Ganoderma lucidum Spore Oil in Rats

LI Yangjin, WU Zhenhong, HUANG Zongxiu()()   

  1. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research (Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention), Fuzhou 350001, China
  • Received:2025-12-23 Revised:2026-04-24 Published:2026-10-25 Online:2026-10-16
  • Correspondence to:
    HUANG Zongxiu (ORCID: 0009-0000-6317-7266 ), E-mail:

摘要:

目的 通过28 d经口毒性试验,观察灵芝孢子油对大鼠的亚急性毒性反应,明确灵芝孢子油对大鼠生理指标的影响,并为该物质的安全性评价提供科学依据。 方法 80只4周龄SPF级SD大鼠(雌雄各半),随机分为对照组和低剂量组(0.83 g/kg体重)、中剂量组(1.67 g/kg体重)、高剂量组(3.33 g/kg体重),每组雌性、雄性大鼠各10只。实验组按对应剂量灌胃灵芝孢子油,对照组灌胃等体积食用玉米油,连续给药28 d,其间自由进食、饮水,观察大鼠状态,测量体重、摄食量和食物利用率;试验结束后,收集各组大鼠的尿液进行尿液常规检查。腹腔注射舒泰-50(5 mg/kg)和盐酸赛拉嗪注射液(10 mg/kg)联合麻醉大鼠后,经腹主动脉采血以进行全血细胞计数、凝血功能和血液生化指标检测;解剖各组大鼠进行大体观察,摘取并称量各脏器重量,计算主要脏器的脏器系数;对对照组和高剂量组主要脏器进行组织病理学检查。 结果 在整个实验期间,对照组与各剂量组大鼠生长发育良好、无死亡,未观察到异常行为与体征。与对照组相比,雌性高剂量组总蛋白含量显著升高(P<0.05),但无剂量反应关系,且在本实验室历史数据正常值范围内,认为无生物学意义;其余各组大鼠的全血细胞计数、血液生化指标、凝血功能、尿液常规检查指标、脏器系数均无显著变化(均P>0.05),组织病理学检查未发现明显异常。 结论 在本试验剂量下,灵芝孢子油对SD大鼠无明显的亚急性毒性。

关键词: 灵芝孢子油, SD大鼠, 毒理学, 亚急性毒性, 安全性

Abstract:

Objective This study aims to conduct a 28-day oral toxicity test to observe the subacute toxic effects of Ganoderma lucidum spore oil in rats, elucidate its impacts on physiological indicators in rats, and provide a scientific basis for the safety evaluation of this substance. Methods Eighty 4-week-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) SD rats were randomly divided into a control group and three dose groups: low-dose (0.83 g/kg), medium-dose (1.67 g/kg), and high-dose (3.33 g/kg), with 10 males and 10 females in each group. The experimental groups were given Ganoderma lucidum spore oil by gavage at the corresponding doses, while the control group was given the same volume of edible corn oil. Administration lasted for 28 consecutive days, during which the rats had free access to food and water. The general condition of the rats was observed, and body weight, food intake, and food utilization rate were measured. After the treatment period, urine was collected from rats in each group for routine urinalysis. Blood samples were collected from the abdominal aorta under anesthesia induced by intraperitoneal administration of Zoletil 50 (5 mg/kg) and xylazine hydrochloride (10 mg/kg) for complete blood count, coagulation testing, and serum biochemical analyses. Gross necropsy was performed in all rats. Organs were excised and weighed, organ coefficients of major organs were calculated, and histopathological examinations of major organs were conducted in the control and high-dose groups. Results During the entire experimental period, all rats in the control and the three dose groups thrived without any mortality. No abnormal behaviors or clinical signs were observed in any of the groups. In the serum biochemistry, a statistically significant increase (P<0.05) in total protein was found in the high-dose female group compared with the control group. However, there was no dose-response relationship, and the values remained within the normal range of historical data in our laboratory; therefore, the increase was considered not biologically significant. Rats in the remaining groups showed no statistically significant differences (all P>0.05) in complete blood count, serum biochemical parameters, coagulation parameters, urinalysis parameters, or organ coefficients compared with the control group. Histopathological examination revealed no significant abnormalities. Conclusion The results indicate that Ganoderma lucidum spore oil does not exhibit significant subacute toxicity in SD rats at the tested dose levels.

Key words: Ganoderma lucidum spore oil, SD rats, Toxicology, Subacute toxicity, Safety

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