Analysis of Common Types and Construction Elements of Diabetic Mouse Models

doi:10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2023.031

Abstract

Abstract:

Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by absolute or relative lack of insulin, which leads to hyperglycemia, and its high mobidity and complications have a great impact on the lives of patients. Animal models are widely used to study the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetes and its complications. Different types of diabetes, with different pathogenesis and pathognomonic features, have different treatment options. In animal experimental, in addition to considering the genetic factors and physiological characteristics of the animal (such as sex and age), it is also necessary to consider the experimental protocol and various response options, which have a great impact on the experimental data, the reproducibility and stability of the experimental results. Therefore, it is necessary to select suitable animal models for experiments in the study of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by absolute insulin deficiency, and existing mouse models of type 1 diabetes include chemically (STZ-induced) induced and spontaneous diabetes model (NOD mice), etc. Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance, is established in both obese and non-obese animal models, including diet-induced (high-fat diet induced), spontaneous diabetes (including monogenic and polygenic obese mice) models, and genetically modified mouse models. In this review, we discussed the common types of diabetic mouse models and analyzed the elements of their construction, the key factors that should be considered in the selection of diabetic mouse models, and explore the impact of these factors on the research of diabetes.

Key words: Diabetes mellitus, Animal Model, Modeling factors, Mouse

CLC Number:

R587.1

Xue WANG, Yonghe HU. Analysis of Common Types and Construction Elements of Diabetic Mouse Models[J]. Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, 2023, 43(4): 415-421.

Figures/Tables 1

References 43

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疾病模型种类 Disease model type	构建小鼠 Modeling mice	主要特征 Main characteristic	适用范围 Scope of application
化学诱导1型糖尿病模型 Chemically induced T1DM	单次高剂量STZ诱导小鼠	单纯性高血糖	开发新型治疗1型糖尿病胰岛素
	多次低剂量STZ诱导小鼠	诱导性胰腺炎，高血糖	β细胞功能受损的1型糖尿病的治疗
自发性1型糖尿病模型 Spontaneous T1DM	NOD小鼠	胰岛被白细胞浸润，β细胞受损	自身免疫系统受损所致1型糖尿病的治疗
自发性2型糖尿病模型 Spontaneous T2DM	ob/ob小鼠	一过性高血糖（4周龄～20周龄），低代谢，食欲旺盛	肥胖为主、高血糖不严重的2型糖尿病及Ⅰ、Ⅱ期肥胖症的治疗
	db/db小鼠	严重的高胰岛素血症、高血糖和肥胖	β细胞功能受损的2型糖尿病及其并发症的治疗
	KK小鼠	2～3月龄开始肥胖，食欲旺盛，高胰岛素血症	非胰岛素依赖型2型糖尿病的治疗
	KK-Ay小鼠	8周龄开始肥胖，30周龄出现高血糖	肥胖为主非胰岛素依赖型2型糖尿病，糖尿病肾病及脑病等并发症的治疗
	Tallyho/Jng小鼠	高血糖，胰岛肥大，葡萄糖耐受不良，高胰岛素血症较轻微	基因所致肥胖型2型糖尿病的治疗
	TSOD小鼠	严重的高胰岛素血症、高血糖和肥胖	自发性肥胖型2型糖尿病的治疗
饮食诱导2型糖尿病模型 Diet-induced T2DM	高脂饮食所致肥胖小鼠	高血糖不明显，喂养持续时间久	改善胰岛素的治疗方法

疾病模型种类 Disease model type	构建小鼠 Modeling mice	主要特征 Main characteristic	适用范围 Scope of application
化学诱导1型糖尿病模型 Chemically induced T1DM	单次高剂量STZ诱导小鼠	单纯性高血糖	开发新型治疗1型糖尿病胰岛素
	多次低剂量STZ诱导小鼠	诱导性胰腺炎，高血糖	β细胞功能受损的1型糖尿病的治疗
自发性1型糖尿病模型 Spontaneous T1DM	NOD小鼠	胰岛被白细胞浸润，β细胞受损	自身免疫系统受损所致1型糖尿病的治疗
自发性2型糖尿病模型 Spontaneous T2DM	ob/ob小鼠	一过性高血糖（4周龄～20周龄），低代谢，食欲旺盛	肥胖为主、高血糖不严重的2型糖尿病及Ⅰ、Ⅱ期肥胖症的治疗
	db/db小鼠	严重的高胰岛素血症、高血糖和肥胖	β细胞功能受损的2型糖尿病及其并发症的治疗
	KK小鼠	2～3月龄开始肥胖，食欲旺盛，高胰岛素血症	非胰岛素依赖型2型糖尿病的治疗
	KK-Ay小鼠	8周龄开始肥胖，30周龄出现高血糖	肥胖为主非胰岛素依赖型2型糖尿病，糖尿病肾病及脑病等并发症的治疗
	Tallyho/Jng小鼠	高血糖，胰岛肥大，葡萄糖耐受不良，高胰岛素血症较轻微	基因所致肥胖型2型糖尿病的治疗
	TSOD小鼠	严重的高胰岛素血症、高血糖和肥胖	自发性肥胖型2型糖尿病的治疗
饮食诱导2型糖尿病模型 Diet-induced T2DM	高脂饮食所致肥胖小鼠	高血糖不明显，喂养持续时间久	改善胰岛素的治疗方法

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