实验用猫繁育与应用相关数据的检测分析

doi:10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2024.033

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的在普通环境实验动物设施中培养和繁育实验用猫，收集实验用猫的背景数据并与外购家猫进行比较，评估繁育实验用猫的可行性。方法引进本土猫种进行普通环境实验条件下的繁殖和种群扩大培养，记录仔猫存活率和生长曲线。检测F1代20只实验用猫（雌雄各半）的血常规、血生化、脏器质量、脏器系数、心率和血压等指标，并进行雌雄性别间比较；按《中华人民共和国药典》2020年版第四部中降压物质检查法测量实验用猫的血压值及对组胺的灵敏度，并与同期使用的173只外购家猫进行比较分析。结果实验用猫对普通环境实验设施适应良好，仔猫8周龄存活率为77.08%。雄性实验用猫的血液红细胞计数、血红蛋白含量、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度和血细胞比容均显著高于雌性（P<0.01），平均红细胞体积显著低于雌性（P<0.01）。雄性实验用猫的血清丙氨酸转氨酶、总胆红素、肌酐、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平和白蛋白/球蛋白比值显著高于雌性（P<0.05或P<0.01），胆固醇、球蛋白和总蛋白显著低于雌性（P<0.01）。雄性实验用猫的肝脏系数显著低于雌性（P<0.05），肾脏系数显著高于雌性（P<0.05）；脾脏和肾脏的脏脑比显著高于雌性（P<0.05或P<0.01）。实验用猫的心律、收缩压、舒张压、平均压及对组胺的灵敏度在不同性别间未见明显差异（P>0.05）；与实验用猫比较，外购家猫的心律、收缩压和平均压均显著升高（P<0.01），中、高剂量组胺所致血压变化幅度明显降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）。结论在普通环境实验动物设施条件下培育实验用猫具有可行性，使用背景数据清晰且标准化的实验用猫进行科学研究可提高实验结果的准确性。

关键词: 实验用猫, 繁育, 应用, 背景数据

Abstract:

Objective To cultivate and breed laboratory cats in conventional laboratory animal facilities, collect background data on laboratory cats, and compare them with purchased domestic cats to assess the feasibility of breeding laboratory cats. Methods Indigenous cat breeds were introduced for reproduction and population expansion under conventional laboratory environment, with recording of kitten survival rates and growth curves. Indicators of 20 laboratory cats of F1 generation (half male and half female), including complete blood count, blood biochemistry, organ mass, organ coefficient, heart rate, and blood pressure, were detected and comparisons between sexes were made. Blood pressure values and sensitivity to histamine of these cats were measured using depressor substance detection method in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China-Four Parts: 2020, and were compared with the data from 173 concurrently purchased domestic cats. Results Laboratory cats adapted well to the environment of conventional laboratory facilities, with a survival rate of 77.08% of kittens at 8 weeks of age. Red blood cell count, hemoglobin content, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and hematocrit in male laboratory cats were significantly higher than those in females (P<0.01), while the mean corpuscular volume in males was significantly lower than that in females (P<0.01). The levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, creatinine, triacylglycerol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in male laboratory cats were significantly higher than those in females (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while cholesterol, globulin, total protein, and the albumin-globulin ratio were significantly lower in males (P<0.01). The liver coefficient in male laboratory cats was significantly lower than that in female cats (P<0.05), while the kidney coefficient was significantly higher (P<0.05). The spleen-brain and kidney-brain ratios were significantly higher in males compared to females(P<0.05 or P<0.01). No significant differences were found in heart rate, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, mean blood pressure, or sensitivity to histamine between male and female laboratory cats (P>0.05). Compared to laboratory cats, purchased domestic cats had significantly higher heart rate, systolic pressure, and mean blood pressure (P<0.01), and the magnitude of blood pressure changes induced by medium and high doses of histamine was significantly reduced (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion It is feasible to breed laboratory cats in conventional laboratory animal facilities. The accuracy of experimental results can be improved by using laboratory cats with clear and standardized background data.

Key words: Laboratory cats, Breeding, Application, Background data

中图分类号:

Q95-33

吴贤生,黄威,梁勇芬,等. 实验用猫繁育与应用相关数据的检测分析[J]. 实验动物与比较医学, 2024, 44(4): 428-435. DOI: 10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2024.033.

WU Xiansheng,HUANG Wei,LIANG Yongfen,et al. Analysis of Breeding and Application Data for Laboratory Cats[J]. Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, 2024, 44(4): 428-435. DOI: 10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2024.033.

图/表 7

参考文献 15

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指标 Indicators	雄性 Male (n = 10)	雌性 Female (n = 10)	全部 Total (n = 20)
WBC /(10⁹·L^-1)	14.05±4.03	17.04±7.32	15.62±5.95
LYM /(10⁹·L^-1)	3.23±0.65	3.50±0.95	3.37±0.80
MON /(10⁹·L^-1)	0.02±0.02	0.03±0.02	0.02±0.02
NEU /(10⁹·L^-1)	10.28±3.27	12.96±6.36	11.68±5.11
EOS /(10⁹·L^-1)	0.53±0.21	0.55±0.26	0.54±0.23
BAS /(10⁹·L^-1)	0.00±0.00	00.00±0.00	0.00±0.00
LYM%	24.01±4.98	23.89±9.09	23.95±7.14
MON%	0.09±0.12	0.15±0.11	0.12±0.12
NEU%	72.23±4.70	72.72±9.19	72.49±7.11
EOS%	3.67±0.82	3.24±0.60	3.44±0.73
BAS%	0.00±0.00	00.00±0.00	0.00±0.00
RBC /(10¹²·L^-1)	8.41±0.71	6.43±0.86^**	7.37±1.28
HGB ρ/(g·dL^-1)	111.00±9.82	86.40±9.77^**	98.11±15.82
MCV /fL	44.74±2.18	47.76±1.91^**	46.32±2.53
MCH /Pg	13.19±0.55	13.51±0.70	13.36±0.63
MCHC ρ/(g·dL^-1)	295.20±8.63	282.80±5.01^**	288.70±9.36
RDW-CV%	20.24±1.68	20.03±0.84	20.13±1.29
RDW-SD /fL	36.70±2.48	38.42±0.91	37.60±2.02
HCT%	37.58±3.17	30.56±3.35^**	33.90±4.80
PLT /(10⁹·L^-1)	47.40±10.00	46.50±11.16	46.93±10.32
MPV/fL	8.87±0.14	8.93±0.35	8.90±0.26
PDW/fL	12.93±0.28	12.91±0.82	12.92±0.60
PCT%	0.04±0.01	0.04±0.02	0.04±0.01

指标 Indicators	雄性 Male (n = 10)	雌性 Female (n = 10)	全部 Total (n = 20)
WBC /(10⁹·L^-1)	14.05±4.03	17.04±7.32	15.62±5.95
LYM /(10⁹·L^-1)	3.23±0.65	3.50±0.95	3.37±0.80
MON /(10⁹·L^-1)	0.02±0.02	0.03±0.02	0.02±0.02
NEU /(10⁹·L^-1)	10.28±3.27	12.96±6.36	11.68±5.11
EOS /(10⁹·L^-1)	0.53±0.21	0.55±0.26	0.54±0.23
BAS /(10⁹·L^-1)	0.00±0.00	00.00±0.00	0.00±0.00
LYM%	24.01±4.98	23.89±9.09	23.95±7.14
MON%	0.09±0.12	0.15±0.11	0.12±0.12
NEU%	72.23±4.70	72.72±9.19	72.49±7.11
EOS%	3.67±0.82	3.24±0.60	3.44±0.73
BAS%	0.00±0.00	00.00±0.00	0.00±0.00
RBC /(10¹²·L^-1)	8.41±0.71	6.43±0.86^**	7.37±1.28
HGB ρ/(g·dL^-1)	111.00±9.82	86.40±9.77^**	98.11±15.82
MCV /fL	44.74±2.18	47.76±1.91^**	46.32±2.53
MCH /Pg	13.19±0.55	13.51±0.70	13.36±0.63
MCHC ρ/(g·dL^-1)	295.20±8.63	282.80±5.01^**	288.70±9.36
RDW-CV%	20.24±1.68	20.03±0.84	20.13±1.29
RDW-SD /fL	36.70±2.48	38.42±0.91	37.60±2.02
HCT%	37.58±3.17	30.56±3.35^**	33.90±4.80
PLT /(10⁹·L^-1)	47.40±10.00	46.50±11.16	46.93±10.32
MPV/fL	8.87±0.14	8.93±0.35	8.90±0.26
PDW/fL	12.93±0.28	12.91±0.82	12.92±0.60
PCT%	0.04±0.01	0.04±0.02	0.04±0.01

指标 Indicators	雄性 Male (n = 10)	雌性 Female (n = 10)	全部 Total (n = 20)
ALT z/(U·L^-1)	70.90±16.80	66.80±16.46	68.85±16.32
AST z/(U·L^-1)	47.60±13.44	33.90±6.23^**	40.75±12.38
ALP z/(U·L^-1)	40.00±6.75	37.70±12.37	38.85±9.77
TBil c/(μmol·L^-1)	0.26±0.07	0.13±0.12^**	0.19±0.12
CK c/(μmol·L^-1)	1 121.20±354.17	1 300.00±437.87	1 210.60±417.37
Cr c/(μmol·L^-1)	105.50±6.17	85.50±10.30^**	95.50±13.17
UA c/(μmol·L^-1)	10.10±5.99	6.30±3.86	8.20±5.28
BUN c/(mmol·L^-1)	9.76±0.89	9.71±2.02	9.74±1.52
GLU c/(mmol·L^-1)	5.38±0.47	5.85±1.22	5.62±0.93
TAG c/(mmol·L^-1)	2.59±0.32	2.15±0.25^**	2.37±0.36
Ch c/(mmol·L^-1)	0.43±0.09	0.75±0.24^**	0.59±0.24
HDL-C c/(mmol·L^-1)	2.00±0.26	1.64±0.18^**	1.82±0.29
LDL-C c/(mmol·L^-1)	0.36±0.07	0.27±0.10^*	0.32±0.10
ALB ρ/(g·L^-1)	25.54±0.87	25.36±1.96	25.45±1.48
GLOB ρ/(g·L^-1)	28.66±3.27	37.74±3.73^**	33.20±5.77
TP ρ/(g·L^-1)	54.20±3.36	63.10±2.13^**	58.65±5.32
A/G	0.90±0.10	0.68±0.11^**	0.79±0.15
K c/(mmol·L^-1)	3.89±0.38	4.36±0.61	4.13±0.55
Na c/(mmol·L^-1)	143.59±2.53	144.46±3.50	144.03±3.01
Cl c/(mmol·L^-1)	107.69±2.70	109.52±2.66	108.61±2.77
Ga c/(mmol·L^-1)	1.98±0.09	2.03±0.12	2.01±0.11

指标 Indicators	雄性 Male (n = 10)	雌性 Female (n = 10)	全部 Total (n = 20)
ALT z/(U·L^-1)	70.90±16.80	66.80±16.46	68.85±16.32
AST z/(U·L^-1)	47.60±13.44	33.90±6.23^**	40.75±12.38
ALP z/(U·L^-1)	40.00±6.75	37.70±12.37	38.85±9.77
TBil c/(μmol·L^-1)	0.26±0.07	0.13±0.12^**	0.19±0.12
CK c/(μmol·L^-1)	1 121.20±354.17	1 300.00±437.87	1 210.60±417.37
Cr c/(μmol·L^-1)	105.50±6.17	85.50±10.30^**	95.50±13.17
UA c/(μmol·L^-1)	10.10±5.99	6.30±3.86	8.20±5.28
BUN c/(mmol·L^-1)	9.76±0.89	9.71±2.02	9.74±1.52
GLU c/(mmol·L^-1)	5.38±0.47	5.85±1.22	5.62±0.93
TAG c/(mmol·L^-1)	2.59±0.32	2.15±0.25^**	2.37±0.36
Ch c/(mmol·L^-1)	0.43±0.09	0.75±0.24^**	0.59±0.24
HDL-C c/(mmol·L^-1)	2.00±0.26	1.64±0.18^**	1.82±0.29
LDL-C c/(mmol·L^-1)	0.36±0.07	0.27±0.10^*	0.32±0.10
ALB ρ/(g·L^-1)	25.54±0.87	25.36±1.96	25.45±1.48
GLOB ρ/(g·L^-1)	28.66±3.27	37.74±3.73^**	33.20±5.77
TP ρ/(g·L^-1)	54.20±3.36	63.10±2.13^**	58.65±5.32
A/G	0.90±0.10	0.68±0.11^**	0.79±0.15
K c/(mmol·L^-1)	3.89±0.38	4.36±0.61	4.13±0.55
Na c/(mmol·L^-1)	143.59±2.53	144.46±3.50	144.03±3.01
Cl c/(mmol·L^-1)	107.69±2.70	109.52±2.66	108.61±2.77
Ga c/(mmol·L^-1)	1.98±0.09	2.03±0.12	2.01±0.11

指标 Indicators	雄性 Male (n = 10)			雌性 Female (n = 10)
指标 Indicators	质量/g Mass/g	脏器系数/% Organ coefficient/%	脏脑比/% Organ/brain ratio/%	质量/g Mass/g	脏器系数/% Organ coefficient/%	脏脑比/% Organ/brain ratio/%
体重Body weight	3 420±340	/	/	3040±130^**	/	/
脑Brain	25.18±1.12	0.74±0.07	/	23.89±1.08^*	0.79±0.05	/
心Heart	12.65±1.83	0.37±0.03	50.20±6.59	10.94±0.98^*	0.36±0.02	45.79±3.62
肝Liver	85.19±17.63	2.48±0.37	388.82±74.40	91.88±14.55	3.03±0.50^*	384.09±54.67
脾Spleen	12.41±2.99	0.37±0.10	49.31±11.80	9.14±1.24^**	0.30±0.04	38.30±5.47^*
肺Lung	22.41±4.20	0.65±0.10	88.79±14.88	18.61±2.54^*	0.61±0.09	78.06±11.42
肾Kidneys	28.47±4.34	0.83±0.07	112.93±16.29	21.21±2.42^**	0.70±0.08^*	88.79±9.59^**
肾上腺Adrenal glands	0.71±0.10	0.02±0.00	2.82±0.33	0.61±0.11	0.02±0.00	2.58±0.44
睾丸Testes	3.67±0.60	0.11±0.01	14.58±2.06	/	/	/
子宫Uterus	/	/	/	3.98±0.52	0.13±0.01	16.71±2.57
卵巢 Ovaries	/	/	/	0.93±0.11	0.03±0.00	3.90±0.50