实验小型猪生产和使用现状调研报告

doi:10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2023.075

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解当前实验小型猪产业现状，促进实验小型猪产业良好发展。方法应用“问卷星”设计调研内容，通过定向推送和自愿填写的方式进行调研，对回收的有效问卷，采用EXCEL2010软件进行分类汇总和统计分析。结果共有35个主体参与调研，其中生产主体12家，使用主体23家。35个主体中共有1 623名从业人员，大专以下学历927人（57.12%），本科及以上学历696人（42.88%），动物科学和动物医学专业最多，生产主体从业人员的薪资水平高于使用主体，但使用主体近5年的科研产出（发表论文和获得专利）率高于生产主体。12个生产主体当前的小型猪存栏总量5 353头，其中巴马猪数量3 471头（64.84%），普通级5 243头（97.95%），猪瘟和口蹄疫的疫苗免疫率100%，其中7个主体的动物病死率≤3.0%；普通级小型猪平均盈利954元/头，SPF级小型猪平均盈利10 037元/头。结论建议加强市场监管，扩展专业技术人才引进渠道，加快质量检测新技术研究，推动小型猪科研成果快速转化，并建立公共服务平台，加强供需双方信息沟通等。希望与广大同仁一起努力，共同推进实验小型猪产业向标准化、规范化健康稳定发展。

关键词: 实验小型猪, 生产使用, 调研报告

Abstract:

Objective To understand the current situation of the experimental miniature pig industry and promote its good development. Methods Using Questionnaire Star to design the survey content, the survey was conducted by targeted push and voluntary filling. The valid questionnaires collected were classified and summarized by EXCEL2010 software. Results A total of 35 entities participated in the survey, including 12 production entities and 23 user entities. There were 1 623 employees in the 35 entities, 927 (57.11%) with college degree or below, and 696 (42.89%) with bachelor degree or above. The largest number of employees have majors in animal science and animal medicine. The salary level of employees in the production entity is higher than that of the user entity, but the research output (published papers and patents) rate of the user entity in the past 5 years is higher than that of the production entity. The current inventory of miniature pigs in 12 production entities was 5 353, of which 3 471 (64.84%) were Bama pigs and 5 243 (97.95%) were ordinary grade pigs. The vaccination rate of swine fever and foot-and-mouth disease was 100%, and the animal mortality rate of seven entities was ≤3.0%. The profit of ordinary grade miniature pigs was 954 yuan/head, and that of SPF grade miniature pigs was 10 037 yuan/head. Conclusion It is suggested to strengthen market supervision, expand the channels for introducing professional and technical talents, accelerate the research of new quality testing technologies, promote the rapid transformation of miniature pig scientific research achievements, and establish a public service platform to strengthen information communication between supply and demand sides. We hope to work together with our colleagues to jointly promote the normalized, standardized, healthy and stable development of the experimental miniature pig industry.

Key words: Experimental miniature pig, Production and utilization, Investigation report

中图分类号:

Q95-33

张淑珍, 赵彦光. 实验小型猪生产和使用现状调研报告[J]. 实验动物与比较医学, 2023, 43(5): 559-565.

Shuzhen ZHANG, Yanguang ZHAO. Investigation Report on the Production and Utilization Status of Experimental Mini-pigs[J]. Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, 2023, 43(5): 559-565.

图/表 2

参考文献 18

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项目 Subject		普通级 Conventional	清洁级 Clean	无特定病原体级 Specific pathogen free
生产成本Production costs	种猪折旧	200	500	800
	饲养人工	336	536	836
	设施折旧	1 000	1 500	2 000
	设施运行	0	500	4 167
	饲料费	570	570	570
	免疫费	40	40	40
	质量检测	200	250	350
	粪污处理	200	200	200
	管理运营	500	800	1 000
	合计	3 046	4 896	9 963
销售价格Sale price		4 000	10 000	20 000
经济效益Economic profits		+954	+5 104	+10 037

项目 Subject		普通级 Conventional	清洁级 Clean	无特定病原体级 Specific pathogen free
生产成本Production costs	种猪折旧	200	500	800
	饲养人工	336	536	836
	设施折旧	1 000	1 500	2 000
	设施运行	0	500	4 167
	饲料费	570	570	570
	免疫费	40	40	40
	质量检测	200	250	350
	粪污处理	200	200	200
	管理运营	500	800	1 000
	合计	3 046	4 896	9 963
销售价格Sale price		4 000	10 000	20 000
经济效益Economic profits		+954	+5 104	+10 037

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