Abstract: Objective To establish a modified model of orthotopic renal transplantation in rat. Methods SD rats was used as donors and Wistar rats as recipients, respectively. The left orthotopic transplantation was performed. The donor’s mesenteric superior artery and recipient’s renal artery was anastomosed by a modified sleeve technique. End-to-end anastomosis of recipient's renal vein to the donor’s inferior vena cava via an temporary intraluminal tube. Urinary tract reconstruction was accomplished by suturing the donor ureter with a bladder patch to the recipient bladder. Results In 61 rats, the total time of operation and arteiy anastomotic time was (161±11) minutes and (11±2) minutes, respectively. The success rate of operation was 95.1 percent and survival time of recipients were 4 to 17 days. The surgical complications including anastomosis hemorrhage, artery thrombosis, urine leak and acute rejection were observed. Conclusion This is a simple and practical technique for establishment of renal transplantation model and can be applied in the experiment of renal transplantation research.