Abstract: Objective To establish a mouse model of liver granuloma and investigate its mechanism. Methods C57BL/6J mice were injected Propionibactenium acnes （P.acnes） via tail vein. After injection, number of F4/80^-B220^-CD 11^c+ cells and level of ALT were detected at time points of 1，6 h，and 1，2，3，5 and 7 d. On the 7th day after injection, pathological changes of livers between treated mice and untreated normal mice were compared. Nad’ve mice were injected with the sorted F4/80^-B220^-CD1lc⁺ cells from peripheral blood of P.acnes-treated mice to establish an adoptive transfer group. Results Number of F4/80^-B220^-CD11c⁺ cells and level of ALT upgrade obviously after F4/80^-B220^-CD11c⁺ cell inflision as well as P.acnes injection. Pathologic examination showed that granulomas were formed in the livers either in P.acnes or in F4/80^-B220^-CD1lc⁺ cell induced mice, accompanied with inflammatory cells infiltration.Conclusion P.acnes can induce liver granuloma of mice successfully and F4/80^-B220^- CDllc⁺ cell play an important role in liver granuloma development.