Abstract: Objective To set up the method of the complex rat model with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and kidney weak syndrome. Method Smoking with SO₂gas and feeding with adenine to establish the complex rat model. Histomorphyological changes were observed. The micrometer of computerized image analysis system was used for measure the diameter of the bronchioles. Testosterone and estradiol were detected. One-way AVON A was used for checkout. Result The lung tissues of the rats in model group showed the typical change of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. Compared to the normal group, they also showed that the outer diameter of the airway was increased, and the inner and the odds of the inner and outer were decreased, which was the basic pathologic Changes of COPD. Meanwhile, content of the testosterone and estradiol were all decreased, which was the experiment character of kidney weak syndrome. Conclusion The rat rnodel with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and kidney weak syndrome could be established by smoking with SO₂gas and feeding with adenine.