Preclinical Meta-analysis of Astragalus and Its ingredients in Acute Pancreatitis

doi:10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2025.026

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective This meta-analysis of preclinical studies evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of Astragalus and its bioactive constituents in acute pancreatitis (AP) and summarize their underlying mechanisms. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, Wang Fan, VIP and CBM were searched for preclinical studies on Astragalus and its ingredients in the treatment of AP until March 2025. Meta-analysis was performed after screening and evaluation, 19 animal experiments were included in this study. Results According to Meta-analysis results, Astragalus injection reduces serum amylase (AMS), a specific marker of AP [SMD=-4.30, 95%CI (-6.78 ~ -1.83)]. The components of Astragalus can reduce levels of AMS [SMD=-7.56, 95%CI(-9.84 ~ -5.28)] and lipase (LPS) [SMD=-7.07, 95%CI(-10.20 ~ -3.94)]. Astragalus acts on inflammatory mediators, reducing levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) [SMD=-7.72, 95%CI(-10.20 ~ -5.25)], interleukin-6 (IL-6) [SMD=-10.14, 95%CI(-13.76 ~ -6.52)], and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) [SMD=-15.11, 95%CI(-24.27 ~ -5.96)], while increasing levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10) [SMD=4.49, 95%CI (3.49 ~ 5.49)]. At the same time, it increases the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) [SMD=4.16, 95%CI(2.74 ~ 5.59)] and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) [SMD=4.86, 95%CI(1.25 ~ 8.47)], while reducing the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) [SMD=-5.54, 95%CI (-7.59 ~ -3.50)]. In addition to MDA [SMD=-1.31, 95%CI(-3.35 ~ 0.73], high-dose Astragalus and its components significantly reduced AMS [SMD=-6.52, 95%CI(-10.06 ~ -2.98)], TNF-α [SMD=-3.18, 95%CI(-5.08 ~ -1.28)], and IL-6 levels [SMD=-2.87, 95%CI(-3.68 ~ -2.06)] while increasing SOD activity [SMD=1.45, 95%CI(0.26 ~ 2.64)] compared to low-dose groups. Conclusion Astragalus injection and its bioactive ingredients demonstrate efficacy in decreasing the pathognomonic markers of AP including AMS and LPS in animal experiments. Based on the analytical results, it exerts modulatory effects on specific inflammatory mediators by decreasing TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β levels and increasing IL-10. It currently interferes the oxidative/antioxidant equilibrium by elevating SOD and GSH-PX activities while reducing MDA levels. In addition to mitigating MDA levels, Astragalus and its active components exhibited dose-dependent reductions in AMS, TNF-α, and IL-6 concentrations alongside elevation of SOD activity. However, methodological limitations including significant heterogeneity among studies, potential publication bias, and translational challenges arising from discrepancies between preclinical models and human pathophysiology necessitate further rigorous investigation.

Key words: Astragalus, Acute Pancreatitis, Animal experiment, Meta-analysis, Randomized controlled trails

CLC Number:

R576

CAO Xingxin,LI Aiyi,HOU Jinghan,et al. Preclinical Meta-analysis of Astragalus and Its ingredients in Acute Pancreatitis[J]. Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine. DOI: 10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2025.026.

Figures/Tables 7

References 44

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第一作者/ 发表年份 First author & Publication date	研究数量黄芪组/对照组 Research volume Astragalus group & Control group	实验动物/ 造模方法 Experimental animal & modeling method	干预措施黄芪组/对照组 Intervene measure Astragalus group & Control group		采样时间 Sampling time	SYRCLE 评分 Score of SYRCLE	研究指标 Research indicators
孙海燕 2006 SUN HY 2006	10/10	SD大鼠，雌性 14～15周龄，体重（200±20）g;胆胰管开口处逆行注入脱氧胆酸钠0.25%, 0.5 ml*kg^-1	黄芪总皂苷80 mg*kg^-1造模前sc给药2次，间隔1h，末次给药30min后造模	sc生理盐水 10 ml*kg^-1	造模后6h和12h	4	①②
傅强 2006 FU Q 2006	20/20	昆明小鼠，雌性，体重25±3g；腹腔注射雨蛙素50g/kg，间隔1小时，连续6次，末次注射后，腹腔注射脂多糖10mg/kg	末次造模注射后经尾静脉注射黄芪注射液0.5ml/只	末次造模注射后经尾静脉注射生理盐水0.5ml/只	给药2/6/12/24h后	3	①
郭文学 2008 GUO WX 2008	8/8	SD大鼠，雄性，体重250±30g；，经胰胆管逆行注射5％牛磺胆酸钠0.11ml/100g，速度为0.24ml/min	术后即刻给药黄芪注射液3ml/100g，并以2ml/100g•h维持	相同方法注射生理盐水	给药2/6/12h后	3	①②⑦⑧
朱渊红 2009 ZHU YH 2009	24/24	SD大鼠，雌雄各半，体重(250 ±20) g；经胰胆管逆行注射3.5%牛磺胆酸钠(1ml/ kg)	造模前24、12小时及造模后黄芪注射液0.4ml/100g	无	造模后6/9/12h	3	①
朱渊红 2012 ZHU YH	8/8	SD大鼠，雌雄各半，体重(250 ±20) g；胰胆管穿刺+3.5%磺胆酸钠(1ml/ kg) 注射	造模前24、12小时及造模后即刻分别于大鼠尾静脉注射黄芪注射液0.2ml/100g 及0.4ml/100g	无	造模后6h	3	⑦⑧
邱雷 2014 QIU L 2014	21/21	SD大鼠，雄性，体重180～200g；胰胆管穿刺+4%磺胆酸钠(1ml/ kg) 注射	造模前12和2h黄芪甲苷40mg/kg腹腔注射	无	造模后24h	3	①②③④⑤
王少言 2014 WANG SY 2014	15/15	SD大鼠，雄性，鼠龄12～16周，体重250～300g；胰胆管穿刺+5%磺胆酸钠(1ml/ kg) 注射	造模前12h黄芪注射液0.2ml/100g	等体积生理盐水	造模后6h	3	⑦⑧⑨
邱雷 2015 Lei Qiu 2015	18/18	SD大鼠，雄性，体重250 ±30g； 4%磺胆酸钠(0.1ml/100 g)逆行胆胰管注射；腹腔注射20% L-Arg(3 mg/kg)2次，间隔1h	黄芪甲苷(50 mg/kg)	溶媒	造模后12、24、48 h	3	①②③④⑤
王秉均 2016 WANG BJ	8/8	SD大鼠，雌雄各半，体质量180～220g；胰胆管穿刺+5%磺胆酸钠(1ml/ kg)注射	造模后立即单次黄芪多糖800mg/Kg灌胃	等体积生理盐水	造模后12h	4	①③⑦
郑洋 2016 ZHENG Y 2016	10/10	SD大鼠50只，雌雄各半，体重(180 ±20) g；胰胆管穿刺+5%磺胆酸钠注射	造模后黄芪注射液2ml/kg注射每6 h 1 次，共4 次	等体积生理盐水	造模后24h	3	③④⑥⑦⑧
郑蓓蓓 2017 ZHENG BB 2017	15/15	SD大鼠，成年雄性，体重220g-250g；胰胆管穿刺+5%磺胆酸钠注射	造模后黄芪多糖300mg/Kg 0.5ml腹腔注射	0.5ml 生理盐水	造模后24h	3	③④
Ran Ma 2018	20/20	Balb/C小鼠，雄性，鼠龄8～10周，体重(20 ±2) g；腹腔内注射雨蛙肽（50 μg/ kg），每小时1次，连续8小时	雨蛙肽给药前1h腹腔注射25 mg/kg 、50 mg/kg毛蕊异黄酮	等量生理盐水	注射雨蛙肽后16h	3	①②③④⑥⑦⑧
吴爱详 2019 WU AX 2019	20/20	昆明小鼠，6～8周龄，体重( 20. 02 ±2. 65) g；腹腔注射20% L Arg 3 mg·kg^-1，首次注射1 h后再注射1次	灌胃黄芪甲苷200 mg·kg^-1，每天2 次，连续干预7 d	等量生理盐水	给药结束后	3	①②④
Chang-Ju Zhu 2021	6/6	C57BL/6 N小鼠，雄性，鼠龄8～10周，体重18～22g；小鼠每小时腹腔注射4g/kg L-Arg，持续2h	第一次注射L-Arg前1h，腹腔注射毛蕊异黄酮25或50 mg/kg	等量生理盐水	造模后	3	①②④
金玲玲 2021 JIN LL 2021	20/20	SD大鼠，6周龄，体质量220～250g，雌雄不限；胰胆管注射3.5%牛磺胆酸钠	造模后腹腔注射 20 mg/kg、40 mg/kg黄芪总皂苷，给药体积为10mL/kg	等体积生理盐水	给药后24h	3	①
王欣 2022 WANG X 2022	20/20	C57BL/6 小鼠，6 ~ 8周龄，体质量为18 ~ 22 g；腹腔注射pH = 7，20% L-精氨酸2.5 mg/kg，以此间隔1h注射2次	造模后黄芪总皂100mg/kg 灌胃1次/d，连续7 d	无	末次给药后24h	3	①⑦⑧⑨
洪春霞 2023 HONG CX 2023	8/8	SD大鼠，体质量(220-250)g；造模前禁食12h, 不禁水，麻醉经胰胆管穿刺后, 3.5%牛黄胆酸按1 mL/kg在微量泵恒压下匀速注射	造模前12 h、24 h、造模后即刻、造模后12 h及24 h分别给予(0.10、0.15、0.20) mL/(100 g·d)黄芪注射液经尾静脉注射	无	末次给药后6h	3	①③
李振国 2024 LI ZG 2024	20/20	SD大鼠，成年雄性，体重200g-220g；胰胆管穿刺+5%磺胆酸钠(1ml/ kg) 注射	造模后黄芪多糖400mg/(kg*d)灌胃2周	等体积生理盐水	造模后 2周	3	③④⑤
Xueting Hou 2024	6/6	昆明小鼠，7周龄，体质量35 ± 2.5 g；胆胰管开口经十二指肠壁逆行注射脱氧胆酸钠（2.5%，0.5 mL/kg）	小鼠后肢皮下注射黄芪总皂苷(20/40/80 mg/kg)两次，每次给药间隔1小时	10 mL/kg生理盐水	造模后6、12和24 h	3	①⑦⑧

第一作者/ 发表年份 First author & Publication date	研究数量黄芪组/对照组 Research volume Astragalus group & Control group	实验动物/ 造模方法 Experimental animal & modeling method	干预措施黄芪组/对照组 Intervene measure Astragalus group & Control group		采样时间 Sampling time	SYRCLE 评分 Score of SYRCLE	研究指标 Research indicators
孙海燕 2006 SUN HY 2006	10/10	SD大鼠，雌性 14～15周龄，体重（200±20）g;胆胰管开口处逆行注入脱氧胆酸钠0.25%, 0.5 ml*kg^-1	黄芪总皂苷80 mg*kg^-1造模前sc给药2次，间隔1h，末次给药30min后造模	sc生理盐水 10 ml*kg^-1	造模后6h和12h	4	①②
傅强 2006 FU Q 2006	20/20	昆明小鼠，雌性，体重25±3g；腹腔注射雨蛙素50g/kg，间隔1小时，连续6次，末次注射后，腹腔注射脂多糖10mg/kg	末次造模注射后经尾静脉注射黄芪注射液0.5ml/只	末次造模注射后经尾静脉注射生理盐水0.5ml/只	给药2/6/12/24h后	3	①
郭文学 2008 GUO WX 2008	8/8	SD大鼠，雄性，体重250±30g；，经胰胆管逆行注射5％牛磺胆酸钠0.11ml/100g，速度为0.24ml/min	术后即刻给药黄芪注射液3ml/100g，并以2ml/100g•h维持	相同方法注射生理盐水	给药2/6/12h后	3	①②⑦⑧
朱渊红 2009 ZHU YH 2009	24/24	SD大鼠，雌雄各半，体重(250 ±20) g；经胰胆管逆行注射3.5%牛磺胆酸钠(1ml/ kg)	造模前24、12小时及造模后黄芪注射液0.4ml/100g	无	造模后6/9/12h	3	①
朱渊红 2012 ZHU YH	8/8	SD大鼠，雌雄各半，体重(250 ±20) g；胰胆管穿刺+3.5%磺胆酸钠(1ml/ kg) 注射	造模前24、12小时及造模后即刻分别于大鼠尾静脉注射黄芪注射液0.2ml/100g 及0.4ml/100g	无	造模后6h	3	⑦⑧
邱雷 2014 QIU L 2014	21/21	SD大鼠，雄性，体重180～200g；胰胆管穿刺+4%磺胆酸钠(1ml/ kg) 注射	造模前12和2h黄芪甲苷40mg/kg腹腔注射	无	造模后24h	3	①②③④⑤
王少言 2014 WANG SY 2014	15/15	SD大鼠，雄性，鼠龄12～16周，体重250～300g；胰胆管穿刺+5%磺胆酸钠(1ml/ kg) 注射	造模前12h黄芪注射液0.2ml/100g	等体积生理盐水	造模后6h	3	⑦⑧⑨
邱雷 2015 Lei Qiu 2015	18/18	SD大鼠，雄性，体重250 ±30g； 4%磺胆酸钠(0.1ml/100 g)逆行胆胰管注射；腹腔注射20% L-Arg(3 mg/kg)2次，间隔1h	黄芪甲苷(50 mg/kg)	溶媒	造模后12、24、48 h	3	①②③④⑤
王秉均 2016 WANG BJ	8/8	SD大鼠，雌雄各半，体质量180～220g；胰胆管穿刺+5%磺胆酸钠(1ml/ kg)注射	造模后立即单次黄芪多糖800mg/Kg灌胃	等体积生理盐水	造模后12h	4	①③⑦
郑洋 2016 ZHENG Y 2016	10/10	SD大鼠50只，雌雄各半，体重(180 ±20) g；胰胆管穿刺+5%磺胆酸钠注射	造模后黄芪注射液2ml/kg注射每6 h 1 次，共4 次	等体积生理盐水	造模后24h	3	③④⑥⑦⑧
郑蓓蓓 2017 ZHENG BB 2017	15/15	SD大鼠，成年雄性，体重220g-250g；胰胆管穿刺+5%磺胆酸钠注射	造模后黄芪多糖300mg/Kg 0.5ml腹腔注射	0.5ml 生理盐水	造模后24h	3	③④
Ran Ma 2018	20/20	Balb/C小鼠，雄性，鼠龄8～10周，体重(20 ±2) g；腹腔内注射雨蛙肽（50 μg/ kg），每小时1次，连续8小时	雨蛙肽给药前1h腹腔注射25 mg/kg 、50 mg/kg毛蕊异黄酮	等量生理盐水	注射雨蛙肽后16h	3	①②③④⑥⑦⑧
吴爱详 2019 WU AX 2019	20/20	昆明小鼠，6～8周龄，体重( 20. 02 ±2. 65) g；腹腔注射20% L Arg 3 mg·kg^-1，首次注射1 h后再注射1次	灌胃黄芪甲苷200 mg·kg^-1，每天2 次，连续干预7 d	等量生理盐水	给药结束后	3	①②④
Chang-Ju Zhu 2021	6/6	C57BL/6 N小鼠，雄性，鼠龄8～10周，体重18～22g；小鼠每小时腹腔注射4g/kg L-Arg，持续2h	第一次注射L-Arg前1h，腹腔注射毛蕊异黄酮25或50 mg/kg	等量生理盐水	造模后	3	①②④
金玲玲 2021 JIN LL 2021	20/20	SD大鼠，6周龄，体质量220～250g，雌雄不限；胰胆管注射3.5%牛磺胆酸钠	造模后腹腔注射 20 mg/kg、40 mg/kg黄芪总皂苷，给药体积为10mL/kg	等体积生理盐水	给药后24h	3	①
王欣 2022 WANG X 2022	20/20	C57BL/6 小鼠，6 ~ 8周龄，体质量为18 ~ 22 g；腹腔注射pH = 7，20% L-精氨酸2.5 mg/kg，以此间隔1h注射2次	造模后黄芪总皂100mg/kg 灌胃1次/d，连续7 d	无	末次给药后24h	3	①⑦⑧⑨
洪春霞 2023 HONG CX 2023	8/8	SD大鼠，体质量(220-250)g；造模前禁食12h, 不禁水，麻醉经胰胆管穿刺后, 3.5%牛黄胆酸按1 mL/kg在微量泵恒压下匀速注射	造模前12 h、24 h、造模后即刻、造模后12 h及24 h分别给予(0.10、0.15、0.20) mL/(100 g·d)黄芪注射液经尾静脉注射	无	末次给药后6h	3	①③
李振国 2024 LI ZG 2024	20/20	SD大鼠，成年雄性，体重200g-220g；胰胆管穿刺+5%磺胆酸钠(1ml/ kg) 注射	造模后黄芪多糖400mg/(kg*d)灌胃2周	等体积生理盐水	造模后 2周	3	③④⑤
Xueting Hou 2024	6/6	昆明小鼠，7周龄，体质量35 ± 2.5 g；胆胰管开口经十二指肠壁逆行注射脱氧胆酸钠（2.5%，0.5 mL/kg）	小鼠后肢皮下注射黄芪总皂苷(20/40/80 mg/kg)两次，每次给药间隔1小时	10 mL/kg生理盐水	造模后6、12和24 h	3	①⑦⑧

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