Analysis of Animal Models of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Based on Clinical Characteristics of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

doi:10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2025.131

Abstract

Abstract:

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a common disabling condition in the elderly, and its clinical assessment relies not only on imaging and neurofunctional indicators but also on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation. To evaluate the concordance between existing LSS animal models and clinical characteristics of TCM and Western medicine, clarify their advantages and limitations, and explore their translational potential, Chinese and English databases, including CNKI, Wanfang Data, PubMed, and Web of Science, are searched using combinations of the terms "lumbar spinal stenosis," "model," "guideline," "consensus," and "norm" from inception to the end of June 2025. After screening, a total of 21 publications are included, of which 15 report animal experimental studies, and 6 are guidelines, consensus statements, or normative documents. Based on these, the existing modeling methods are summarized, diagnostic indicators are extracted from clinical guidelines and expert consensus, and clinical concordance is evaluated using an assessment system proposed in the relevant literature. The results show that the existing animal models are categorized into three concordance levels: high (laminectomy/spinous process removal with filling; laminectomy/spinous process + ligament/muscle removal with filling; autologous bone backfilling), moderate (nylon tape dural binding method, adjustable screws, fixation combined with removal of ligament/muscle), and low (balloon compression method, adjustable balloon compression method, bipedal standing, ligament/muscle resection, steel wire cerclage method). Overall, current animal models of LSS generally perform well in terms of structural construction but show clear limitations in replicating clinical diagnostic logic and TCM syndromes. Future research should enhance syndrome phenotype collection and enrich TCM-based evaluation systems based on existing models. Additionally, multifactorial integrated modeling strategies should be introduced to extend the depth of syndrome-level simulation. This study aims to analyze LSS animal models that can faithfully recapitulate disease pathogenesis, conform to clinical realities of both Western medicine and TCM clinical practice, and have broad application potential, so as to narrow the translational gap between experimental findings and clinical practice.

Key words: Lumbar spinal stenosis, Diagnostic criteria, Disease and syndrome characteristics, Animal models, Clinical concordance, Traditional Chinese and Western medicine

CLC Number:

R681.5

HE Miao,ZHANG Xuxing,WU Gang,et al. Analysis of Animal Models of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Based on Clinical Characteristics of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine[J]. Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, 2026, 46(4): 541-552. DOI: 10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2025.131.

Figures/Tables 3

References 75

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证型 Syndrome type	临床表现 Clinical characteristics	舌脉 Tongue and pulse
风寒痹阻证 Wind-cold obstruction syndrome	腰腿酸痛、沉重、拘紧；遇冷加重，得热痛缓	舌淡苔白腻，脉浮紧或沉紧
气虚血瘀证 Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome	腰背痛缠绵、不耐久坐，乏力，面色少华，下肢麻木	舌淡紫或见瘀点，苔薄，脉细涩
肝肾亏虚证 Liver and kidney deficiency syndrome	腰腿酸痛无力；遇劳更甚，卧则减轻；疲倦；肌肉瘦削	舌淡苔少，脉沉细弱
痰湿阻滞证 Phlegm-dampness obstruction syndrome	腰腿沉重疼痛，伴下肢麻木微肿；站立加重，卧床减轻；多体型肥胖；胸闷、气短；困倦	舌胖大或有齿痕，苔厚腻，脉滑或沉濡

证型 Syndrome type	临床表现 Clinical characteristics	舌脉 Tongue and pulse
风寒痹阻证 Wind-cold obstruction syndrome	腰腿酸痛、沉重、拘紧；遇冷加重，得热痛缓	舌淡苔白腻，脉浮紧或沉紧
气虚血瘀证 Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome	腰背痛缠绵、不耐久坐，乏力，面色少华，下肢麻木	舌淡紫或见瘀点，苔薄，脉细涩
肝肾亏虚证 Liver and kidney deficiency syndrome	腰腿酸痛无力；遇劳更甚，卧则减轻；疲倦；肌肉瘦削	舌淡苔少，脉沉细弱
痰湿阻滞证 Phlegm-dampness obstruction syndrome	腰腿沉重疼痛，伴下肢麻木微肿；站立加重，卧床减轻；多体型肥胖；胸闷、气短；困倦	舌胖大或有齿痕，苔厚腻，脉滑或沉濡