The ideological and political content of the laboratory animal science degree course with the basic task of "cultivating morality and cultivating people" is organically integrated into the teaching system of laboratory animal science. It can have a subtle influence on students' thoughts and behaviors. Combined with the curriculum design and professional characteristics of laboratory animal science, this article discussed the ideological and political elements contained in this course, proposed the forms and methods of integrating ideological and political elements into the curriculum design in each chapter. Additionally, the typical cases and characteristic practices of the organic connection of ideological and political education in the teaching system of laboratory animal science were summarized. Practice has proved that integrating the ideological and political elements into the teaching system of laboratory animal science can enhance teacher's awareness and ability of politics, thus effectively improving the compre-hensive quality of students and enhancing the effectiveness of ideological and political education in laboratory animal science.

为提高医学实验动物学课程的教学效果，培养学生的应用能力、创新能力，通过总结医学实验动物学教学中的实践和经验，并加以归纳、思考和分析。提出应该在教学中注重理论与实践相结合，将课堂教学与实际科研活动联系起来，针对学生专业特点，因材施教，优化教学内容，改革教学方法 ，提高教学质量。

要培育合格的实验动物，人员素质至关重要。本文从以下三方面对提高本所实验动物科技人员素质的工作进行了总结：①人员培训：培训前：初中及以下文化水平人员占全室77.8%、高中及其以上文化水平占全室22.2%。具有实验动物专业知识的人员中初级者占全室11.1%、中级者占全室5.6%、不具备实验动物专业知识的人员占83.3%。培训后初中及以下文化水平占全室人员41.7%，高中及以上文化水平占全室58.3%，具有实验动物专业知识的人员中级占50%、高级50%。②作为全部人员资格认证工作的准备，已有2名参加过资格认可证培训班，获得证书。其它人员根据《医学实验动物管理实施细则》及天津市有关规定正在为迎接天津市全面实施技术人员资格认证工作做准备。③建立个人综合技术档案，其中包括专业理论与技术（占20%）、动物管理与动物质量（40%）、动物室操作规章制度（20%）、劳动纪律（20%）等考核指标。

Objective StandardizationTo explore a novel special technique intensive mode (STIM) of teaching cardiac conduction system mapping skills. This method includes theoretical lecture, in vivo operation, 5-whys methods of analyses, intensive-problem oriented trainings, and assessments. Methods Ten post-graduates majoring in cardiology who have equivalent education backgrounds and technical levels were randomly divided into two groups (n=5 per group). All participants underwent a skill training on cardiac electrophysiology mapping, with one group training under the STIM and the other group under the traditional "theory-practice-test" (TPT) mode. The effect of these two educational techniques were evaluated at the end of the training. Results Postgraduates in the STIM group had a more solid grasp of the anatomical position and structure of the cardiac conduction system than those in the TPT group. During in-vivo operation, the students in the STIM group reconstructed and interpreted the electroanatomical maps, voltage maps, electric excitation maps, and electric conduction maps more accurately and quickly than those in the TPT group. Conclusion The STIM teaching mode more effectively improved the basic surgical skills of postgraduates, stimulated the students' learning initiative, and improved the quality of education. STIM is a kind of intensive teaching mode of special skills, and is worth widely implementing in the education of postgraduates majoring in cardiovascular diseases.

生命科学的研究离不开实验动物和动物实验。本文基于医学院校实验动物学课程教学的现状,提出了对医学院校实验动物学课程改革的几点建议。在课程设计方面,提出了应确立理论与实践并重的指导思想,加强实验课的占比,提高学生动手能力;应提高对动物福利的认知;应加强关于基因编辑、免疫缺陷模型等前沿内容的传授。在教学方面,提出了应加强因材施教、因人施教,合理安排教学内容,丰富教学手段,提高教学效果。在学科建设方面,提出了应建立实验动物学教师的学习、培训、进修制度,建立一支专业化的实验动物学教学队伍,同时应编写高水平实验动物科学教材,统一课程标准,提高教学质量。

Animal experiment of operative surgery is a compulsory course for medical students and an important basic course for surgical practice teaching, which is of great importance to the cultivation of clinical medical talents. Combining the teaching practice experience of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, this paper analyzed the common problems in domestic medical universities, and put forward the optimized measures including adjusting and enriching teaching contents, expanding and enriching teaching resources, improving innovative teaching models, constructing scientific evaluation system, and strengthening the construction of teaching faculty, so as to improve the quality of the course and the comprehensive quality of medical students, help cultivate excellent medical talents, and provide references for the teaching reform of animal experiment of operative surgery in medical colleges and universities.

分析了实验动物科学的特点及重要性，着重提出如何把握学科特点，提高实验动物科学教学质量的问题。本文提出教师应适应形势需求，进行教学方法改革，教学要紧密联系实际，教学与科研相结合，以提高学生的创新能力等观点；并对此进行了有意义的探索。

医学实验动物学是一门专业性和应用性极强的综合性学科,学好该课程对下一步开展动物实验研究具有很大的帮助,但由于该学科建立较晚,目前尚缺乏系统有效的教学方法。近些年,BOPPPS教学模式受到了广大师生的欢迎。本研究对BOPPPS教学模式在“医学实验动物学”课程中的应用进行了探索和评价。实践证明,BOPPPS教学模式较传统的“填鸭式”教学方法在学生学习兴趣、积极性、参与度、专注度和成绩等方面更显优势,适用于小班教学。随着不断优化完善,BOPPPS教学模式在“医学实验动物学”课程教学中具有潜在的应用价值,值得推广。

我院从1994年开始试用仔猪代替犬进行外科手术，通过3年比较发现：无论是手术操作、术后成活率，还是价格，仔猪都具有优越性，它的生理解剖特点以及皮肤结构更接近人。因此，用仔猪进行外科手术实验可行而且经济。

实验动物学课程的实践性和操作性非常强，实验教学在整个课程中的地位至关重要.从不同的学生心理、专业特点、教学安排等方面可初步探讨该课程实验课的教学规律，从而采取相应的措施来优化现有的教学方法.

本文以作者所在教研室实验动物科学教学改革实践经验为据，从改革的总体思路、教学内容、教学手段与方式、课程考核方式、实验教学等方面全面阐述了我室实验动物科学的教学改革的具体内容与措施，其效果是提高了实验动物科学的教学质量.

Medical experimental zoology is a supporting discipline for biomedical research with strong practicality and applicability. Adapting the talent training strategy of medical colleges, cultivating practical and innovative talents, reforming the teaching mode, and improving students' practical abilities are problems that urgently require solutions in the current course of medical experimental zoology. This article aims to explore the teaching advantages and related concepts of the internet interactive platform + sandwich teaching method in the course of medical experimental zoology to improve its teaching quality.

实验动物学是医科院校学生的重要基础课程之一，其蕴含着一定的思想政治教育元素，能够承担和发挥思想政治教育的作用。在当前全面深化“课程思政”的教育改革背景下，深入挖掘实验动物学课程的思政元素与措施具有重要的实践意义。本文基于医科院校学生的专业特点，探讨了实验动物学课程教学中的思政教学案例，并提出了“课程思政”的举措，以期为广大医科院校实验动物学“课程思政”教学改革提供参考。

Laboratory animal and laboratory safety management in medical colleges and universities is the basic guarantee for the safe operation of teaching laboratories and serves as an important link for the successful completion of teaching tasks in laboratories. Aiming at the safety status of common experimental animals and laboratories, the Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University trained medical freshmen on the characteristics of experimental animals and laboratory safety knowledge. PowerPoint courses, short video lectures, and flipped classrooms were used for offline training. The training contents included the correct use of experimental animals, safety management and laboratory safety knowledge. After training, an online examination was conducted, which 1 061 freshmen passed, and the passing rate was 99.90%. According to the analysis of the answers of the freshmen in the examination, the error rates of knowledge on microorganisms and dangerous chemicals were 20.35% and 14.89%, respectively. This suggests that training should be strengthened in these two aspects in the future. Through the training, the new medical students mastered the correct use of experimental animals, and their knowledge of laboratory safety increased. This will help to prevent future laboratory accidents.

动物实验是临床前研究的重要环节。实验动物作为直接的实验材料和人类的替难者,具有不可替代的地位和作用。然而在医学生教育体系中,普遍缺乏实验动物学和实验动物福利伦理的教育。为进一步提升科研人员包括医学研究生的伦理素养,加强实验动物福利伦理知识教育,我们探索在医院内开展系列实验动物福利伦理教育方法,较好地规范了医学科研人员在使用实验动物时的行为准则。

动物实验是医学教育基本技能培训的重要内容,是医学教育不可或缺的主要手段。在动物实验教学中涉及到很多动物福利问题,但在以往的动物实验教学中,我们多注重专业知识和操作技能的培训,而较少涉及实验动物福利理念相关内容的传授。随着医学与人文越来越紧密的结合,如何将动物福利理念贯穿于整个实验过程,实现动物福利,达到医学人文教育目的 ,是实验教学需要面对的课题。

实验动物和动物实验是支撑生命科学和医学研究的重要基础条件,对培养研究生的专业素养和综合素质至关重要。本文针对研究生实验动物学的教学实践,从动物福利与人文教育、标准化与课题设计、动手能力与课程设置三个方面探讨提升研究生人文素养和实践能力,提高动物实验数据准确性和稳定性的可行方法,旨在为提高研究生培养质量和教育强国建设添砖加瓦。

实验动物学课程已逐步在相关院校开设起来。作为一门新兴学科，实验动物学教学有许多问题亟需实验动物学教学工作者去探索解决。本文从实验动物学教学的必要性，教学内容安排，教学方法，教学效果评价，教学发展趋势等方面作了初步探讨。

我国实验动物科学已进入快速发展时期，培养和造就具有较高业务素质和专业技术水平的实验动物从业人员队伍是推动实验动物科技工作快速发展的重要因素之一.本文对实验动物培训工作进行回顾，并对目前云南省实验动物从业人员的培训工作的情况进行初步分析，探索云南省实验动物从业人员教育培训的发展方向.

Objective To explore the effects of problem-based learning (PBL) with case-based teaching in experiment of laboratory animal science. Methods Sixty experiment objects randomly selected every year from junior college students during 2012-2014 were divided into two groups. In class A, lecture-based learning (LBL) teaching mode was used. In class B PBL with case-based teaching mode was used. And then the teaching effect was evaluated by means of the questionnaire survey and experiment report grading. Results The students of class B were superior to that of class A on how to design the animal experiment, experimental animal ethics practical applications, analytical ability of animal experiment results, animal experiment report writing, who showed good teaching effect. Conclusion The application of PBL with case-based teaching mode in laboratory animal science experiment could increase their learning enthusiasm by stimulating interests of students and improvement of the quality of experimental teaching.

目的 调查大学生的实验动物伦理知识,促进教师改进动物伦理知识的教学方法,提高学生对动物伦理福利的认识。方法 研究设计调查问卷了解某中医院校学生对实验动物伦理知识的知晓程度。结果 学生实验动物伦理知识较匮乏,但接受过动物实验课程的学生能增加相关知识的储备; 女大学生群体中,不知道实验动物伦理概念的学生数量显著高于知道者。结论 学生对实验动物伦理方面的知识较匮乏; 动物实验课能促进学生对相关知识的掌握; 教师需要在以后的实验教学中增加相关知识讲授,讲授过程中需要注意不同性别学生群体对知识的掌握情况。

目的 比较实验兔与大鼠在动物显微外科手术训练模型应用中的优劣,为维持、训练和提高临床医师的显微外科血管吻合技术提供更好的途径。方法 显微血管吻合训练人数8人分成4组,每组2人,训练时长20个工作日。日本大耳白兔40只,Wistar大鼠80只。结果 显微外科训练中使用大鼠,动物成本,麻醉剂、其他种类的药物和医疗用品的成本减少一半,大鼠被注射的次数远低于实验兔。通过比较实际使用的实验动物数量,实验兔由于麻醉时间过长,连续手术创伤,导致意外死亡数量增加。使用大鼠麻醉稳定,更易于控制,训练课程合理科学。结论 大鼠应用于显微血管吻合训练更符合实验动物福利,减少成本,在显微外科训练中使用更为合理。