Dynamic Monitoring and Analysis of Ammonia Concentration in Laboratory Animal Facilities Under Suspension of Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning System

doi:10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2024.130

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To monitor the real-time changes in ammonia concentration in the laboratory animal facility environment before, during, and after the air conditioning system stops supplying air, so as to provide a basis and reference for developing emergency plans for the shutdown of the air conditioning system. Methods The laboratory animal facilities of the Wuhan Institute of Biological Products were used as the research object. Ammonia concentration detectors were used to monitor ammonia concentration continuously in the environment of conventional rabbit production facility, SPF hamster production facility, and SPF guinea pig experimental facility before and after the passive shutdown due to repairs and active maintenance shutdown of the air conditioning system, as well as the time for the ammonia concentration to return to daily levels after resuming air supply. Results Under both shutdown modes of the air conditioning system, the trend of ammonia concentration changes in different laboratory animal facilities was consistent, showing a rapid increase after shutdown and a rapid decrease after resuming air supply. Under active maintenance shutdown, the maximum ammonia concentrations in the conventional rabbit production facilities, SPF hamster production facilities, and SPF guinea pig experimental facilities were 9.81 mg/m3, 14.27 mg/m3, and 6.98 mg/m3, respectively. Within 12 minutes after resuming air supply, ammonia concentration could return to normal daily levels. Under passive long-term shutdown, ammonia concentration value was positively correlated with the duration of air supply suspension. As the shutdown duration increased, ammonia concentration continued to increase. The maximum ammonia concentration values in the three facilities occurred at 88 minutes (38.06 mg/m3), 40 minutes (18.43 mg/m3), and 34 minutes (15.61 mg/m3) after air supply suspension, respectively.Within 11 minutes after resuming air supply, ammonia concentration could return to normal daily levels. Conclusion Shutdown of the air conditioning system causes a rapid increase in ammonia concentration in laboratory animal facilities, and the rise in ammonia concentration is positively correlated with the duration of air supply suspension. Therefore, when an emergency shutdown of the air-conditioning system is required due to maintenance or other reasons, backup fans should be provided in accordance with the requirements of GB 50447-2008 "Architectural and Technical Code for Laboratory Animal Facilities". Older facilities should make adequate preparations and develop a scientifically sound emergency plan.

Key words: Ammonia concentration, Laboratory animal facility, Air conditioning system shutdown, Duration of air supply shutdown

CLC Number:

Q95-33

JIAO Qingzhen,WU Guihua,TANG Wen,et al. Dynamic Monitoring and Analysis of Ammonia Concentration in Laboratory Animal Facilities Under Suspension of Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning System[J]. Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, 2025, 45(4): 490-495. DOI: 10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2024.130.

Figures/Tables 2

References 19

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时间轴/min Time axis/min	普通级兔生产设施的氨浓度/(mg·m^-3) Ammonia concentration in conventional rabbit production facility/(mg·m^-3)			SPF级仓鼠生产设施的氨浓度/(mg·m^-3) Ammonia concentration in SPF hamster production facility/(mg·m^-3)			SPF级豚鼠实验设施的氨浓度/(mg·m^-3) Ammonia concentration in SPF guinea pig experimental facility/(mg·m^-3)			氨浓度的标准上限/(mg·m^-3) Standard upper limit of ammonia concentration/(mg·m^-3)
时间轴/min Time axis/min	第1次 First time	第2次 Second time	第3次 Third time	第1次 First time	第2次 Second time	第3次 Third time	第1次 First time	第2次 Second time	第3次 Third time
0	0.81	1.73	3.33^△	2.71	1.79	—	0.97	1.11	1.62	14
6	2.25^△	4.32^△	3.69	3.61^△	5.63^△	4.91^△	1.04	1.07	4.43^△	14
12	4.57	7.72	5.48	7.68	10.92	8.81	1.04	1.00	4.73	14
18	8.04	7.78	5.89	10.85	7.72	10.76	1.64^△	2.67^△	1.21^▽	14
24	9.81	0.05^▽	4.17^▽	14.27	2.85^▽	8.86^▽	3.98	6.98	0.82	14
30	3.16^▽	0	3.51	13.41	1.92	2.00	1.58^▽	3.69^▽	1.12	14
36	0.44	—	3.10	3.04^▽	1.95	1.22	1.05	1.02	1.08	14

时间轴/min Time axis/min	普通级兔生产设施的氨浓度/(mg·m^-3) Ammonia concentration in conventional rabbit production facility/(mg·m^-3)			SPF级仓鼠生产设施的氨浓度/(mg·m^-3) Ammonia concentration in SPF hamster production facility/(mg·m^-3)			SPF级豚鼠实验设施的氨浓度/(mg·m^-3) Ammonia concentration in SPF guinea pig experimental facility/(mg·m^-3)			氨浓度的标准上限/(mg·m^-3) Standard upper limit of ammonia concentration/(mg·m^-3)
时间轴/min Time axis/min	第1次 First time	第2次 Second time	第3次 Third time	第1次 First time	第2次 Second time	第3次 Third time	第1次 First time	第2次 Second time	第3次 Third time
0	0.81	1.73	3.33^△	2.71	1.79	—	0.97	1.11	1.62	14
6	2.25^△	4.32^△	3.69	3.61^△	5.63^△	4.91^△	1.04	1.07	4.43^△	14
12	4.57	7.72	5.48	7.68	10.92	8.81	1.04	1.00	4.73	14
18	8.04	7.78	5.89	10.85	7.72	10.76	1.64^△	2.67^△	1.21^▽	14
24	9.81	0.05^▽	4.17^▽	14.27	2.85^▽	8.86^▽	3.98	6.98	0.82	14
30	3.16^▽	0	3.51	13.41	1.92	2.00	1.58^▽	3.69^▽	1.12	14
36	0.44	—	3.10	3.04^▽	1.95	1.22	1.05	1.02	1.08	14

时间轴/min Time axis/min	氨浓度/(mg·m^-3) Ammonia concentration/(mg·m^-3)
时间轴/min Time axis/min	SPF级仓鼠生产设施 SPF hamster production facility	SPF级豚鼠实验设施 SPF guinea pig experimental facility	普通级兔生产设施 Conventional rabbit production facility	标准上限 Standard upper limit
停风前2 min 2 min before air supply stops	—	—	1.81	14.00
停风后4 min 4 min after air supply stops	2.15	—	2.14	14.00
停风后10 min 10 min after air supply stops	4.83	3.73	4.14	14.00
停风后16 min 16 min after air supply stops	8.55	8.23	8.07	14.00
停风后22 min 22 min after air supply stops	11.35	10.59	11.94	14.00
停风后28 min 28 min after air supply stops	13.70	14.05	16.04	14.00
停风后34 min 34 min after air supply stops	15.61	16.52	19.42	14.00
停风后40 min 40 min after air supply stops	—	18.43	22.97	14.00
停风后46 min 46 min after air supply stops	—	—	25.98	14.00
停风后52 min 52 min after air supply stops	—	—	28.88	14.00
停风后58 min 58 min after air supply stops	—	—	31.75	14.00
停风后64 min 64 min after air supply stops	—	—	33.93	14.00
停风后70 min 70 min after air supply stops	—	—	35.00	14.00
停风后76 min 76 min after air supply stops	—	—	36.22	14.00
停风后82 min 82 min after air supply stops	—	—	36.92	14.00
停风后88 min 88 min after air supply stops	—	—	38.06	14.00
送风后5 min 5 min after air supply resumes	5.56	10.61	7.27	14.00
送风后11 min 11 min after air supply resumes	2.01	0.98	0	14.00

时间轴/min Time axis/min	氨浓度/(mg·m^-3) Ammonia concentration/(mg·m^-3)
时间轴/min Time axis/min	SPF级仓鼠生产设施 SPF hamster production facility	SPF级豚鼠实验设施 SPF guinea pig experimental facility	普通级兔生产设施 Conventional rabbit production facility	标准上限 Standard upper limit
停风前2 min 2 min before air supply stops	—	—	1.81	14.00
停风后4 min 4 min after air supply stops	2.15	—	2.14	14.00
停风后10 min 10 min after air supply stops	4.83	3.73	4.14	14.00
停风后16 min 16 min after air supply stops	8.55	8.23	8.07	14.00
停风后22 min 22 min after air supply stops	11.35	10.59	11.94	14.00
停风后28 min 28 min after air supply stops	13.70	14.05	16.04	14.00
停风后34 min 34 min after air supply stops	15.61	16.52	19.42	14.00
停风后40 min 40 min after air supply stops	—	18.43	22.97	14.00
停风后46 min 46 min after air supply stops	—	—	25.98	14.00
停风后52 min 52 min after air supply stops	—	—	28.88	14.00
停风后58 min 58 min after air supply stops	—	—	31.75	14.00
停风后64 min 64 min after air supply stops	—	—	33.93	14.00
停风后70 min 70 min after air supply stops	—	—	35.00	14.00
停风后76 min 76 min after air supply stops	—	—	36.22	14.00
停风后82 min 82 min after air supply stops	—	—	36.92	14.00
停风后88 min 88 min after air supply stops	—	—	38.06	14.00
送风后5 min 5 min after air supply resumes	5.56	10.61	7.27	14.00
送风后11 min 11 min after air supply resumes	2.01	0.98	0	14.00