Abstract: Objective In order to establish the closed colony, the heredity background of the rhesus monkeys from Anhui stock were investigated. Method Several morphological variables of 18 individual monkeys from Anhui Wannan Mountains were measured, and the genetic polymorphism of 33 monkeys was analyzed by micro satellite loci. Result The results of f-test showed that there were evident differences in weight between male and female and that in trunk length between adult and subadult. At the same time, nine polymorphic microsatellite loci were selected from twelve loci. The mean number of alleles of Anhui rhesus monkey stock detected was 8. The heterozygosity value was 0.825±0.106, and the polymorphism information content value was 0.788±0.121. Conclusion Morphological traits of Anhui rhesus monkey stock embodied the feature of M.mulatta littoralis. And genetic diversity of the group is high on the microsatellite level. So we can screen out the original seed from Anhui rhesus monkey stock and establish the closed colony.

Key words: Anhui rhesus monkey stock, Morphological character, Micorsatellite locus;Genetic polymorphism