中医证候类动物模型构建方法概述
王笑铭, 孟晨晨, 范鹿, 李艳阳, 张军平, 吕仕超

An Overview of Strategies for Constructing Animal Models of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes
WANG Xiaoming, MENG Chenchen, FAN Lu, LI Yanyang, ZHANG Junping, LÜ Shichao
表1 常见的中医病因病机构建方法、实验动物选择、作用机制以及中医证型
Table 1 Common construction methods, laboratory animal selections, mechanisms, and traditional Chinese medicine syndromes of etiology and pathogenesis of traditional Chinese medicine

造模方法

Construction methods

实验动物选择

Laboratory animal selections

作用机制

Mechanisms

中医证型

Traditional Chinese medicine syndromes

寒冷刺激加风扇吹风法[10]

Cold stimulation plus fan blowing[10]

雄性SD大鼠外感风寒,阻滞卫阳风寒表证

寒冷刺激加潮湿环境法[11]

Cold stimulation plus humid environment[11]

雄性KM小鼠外感风寒湿,郁遏肌肤风寒湿证

冰水浴法[13]

Ice-water bath[13]

雌性SD大鼠寒邪侵袭,寒性凝滞,血为寒凝寒凝血瘀证

湿热环境刺激法[14]

Humid and hot environment stimulation[14]

雄性SD大鼠外感湿热,阻滞皮肤,发为湿热湿热证

热应激法[15]

Heat stress[15]

雄性SD大鼠热盛伤阴,发为阴虚阴虚证

慢性不可预知温和应激法[17]

Chronic unpredictable mild stress[17]

雄性SD大鼠肝气郁结,横乘脾土肝郁脾虚证

慢性束缚性应激法[18]

Chronic restraint stress[18]

雄性SD大鼠肝失疏泄,阻滞气机肝郁气滞证

猫吓鼠[19]

"Cat scared rat"[19]

SD仔鼠,雌雄各半恐为肾志,恐则气下,过度惊恐导致肾虚肾虚证

负重力竭游泳法[21]

Forced swimming[21]

雄性SD大鼠劳则气耗,发为气虚气虚证

水环境小平台睡眠剥夺法[23]

Platform and sleep deprivation[23]

雄性SD大鼠寐不得安,劳耗心神,心主神明,损及心气心气虚证

房事不节法[24]

Sexual overstrain[24]

雄性KM小鼠房事不节,耗竭肾精,精不化阳,肾阳亏虚肾阳虚证

长期力竭游泳法[25]

Long-term forced swimming[25]

雄性SD大鼠过劳伤阴,阴不制阳,发为内热阴虚内热证

饮食失节法[26]

Diet disorder[26]

雄性C57小鼠饮食失节,损伤脾胃,气不化生,发为脾虚脾虚型

高脂饮食法[27]

High-fat feeding[27]

雌性BALB/c小鼠嗜食肥甘厚腻,壅滞脾胃,运化失职,痰浊凝聚痰证

偏食法[28]

Partial feeding[28]

雄性Wistar大鼠味过于酸,肝气以津,脾气乃绝脾气虚证

自然衰老法[29]

Natural aging[29]

雄性SD大鼠八八,天癸竭,精少,肾藏精,精化气,肾精亏虚肾虚证

恐惧情志失调法联合低温环境致病法[31]

Fear-mongering method combined with cryogenic environment[31]

雄性SD大鼠

恐伤肾,寒伤阳

肾阳虚证

饮食失节联合劳倦过度法[32]

Irregular diet and overwork[32]

SD仔鼠,雌雄各半饮食失节伤脾,劳则耗气,二者结合,发为脾气虚证脾气虚证

慢性束缚性应激联合过度疲劳、饮食失节法[33]

Chronic restraint stress, excessive fatigue and diet failure[33]

SD大鼠,雌雄各半

肝失疏泄,气机郁滞,发为肝郁;劳则耗气,饮食失节伤脾,导致脾气虚弱。二者相合,则为肝郁脾虚

肝郁脾虚证